Race composition and distribution of broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) in Bulgaria during 2007-2011

Shindrova, P.; Penchev, E.

doi:10.2298/hel1257087s

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Therefore it becomes evident that the virulence of the new populations of the Guadalquivir Valley area is different to races G populations from Eastern Europe. We are accordingly naming the new populations as a local race G of the Guadalquivir Valley (G GV ) to differentiate its level of virulence from the currently predominant race F GV and from races G described for other areas such as Turkey (Kaya et al, 2004), Bulgaria (Shindrova and Penchev, 2012), Romania (Pacureanu-Joita et al, 2009), Russia (Antonova et al, 2013), China (Shi et al, 2015), Greece, and Ukraine (present study). This study also concluded that the inbred line P-96 is not valid as differential line between races F GV and G GV , as it is resistant to both groups of populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Virulence in Sunflower Broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) Populations from Southern Spain Is Associated with Greater Genetic Diversity

Martín-Sanz¹,

Malek

Fernández‐Martínez

et al. 2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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Orobanche cumana Wallr. (sunflower broomrape) is a holoparasitic weed that infects roots of sunflower in large areas of Europe and Asia. Two distant O. cumana gene pools have been identified in Spain, one in Cuenca province in the Center and another one in the Guadalquivir Valley in the South. Race F has been hypothesized to have arisen by separate mutational events in both gene pools. In the Guadalquivir Valley, race F spread in the middle 1990’s to become predominant and contained so far with race F hybrids. Recently, enhanced virulent populations of O. cumana have been observed in commercial fields parasitizing race F resistant hybrids. From them, we collected four independent populations and conducted virulence and SSR marker-based genetic diversity analysis. Virulence essays confirmed that the four populations studied can parasitize most of the race F resistant hybrids tested, but they cannot parasitize the differential inbred lines DEB-2, carrying resistance to race F and G, and P-96, resistant to F but susceptible to races G from other countries. Accordingly, the new populations have been classified as race GGV to distinguish them from other races G. Cluster analysis with a set of populations from the two Spanish gene pools and from other areas, mainly Eastern Europe, confirmed that race GGV populations maintain close genetic relatedness with the Guadalquivir Valley gene pool. This suggested that increased virulence was not caused by new introductions from other countries. Genetic diversity parameters revealed that the four populations had much greater genetic diversity than conventional populations of the same area, containing only alleles present in the Guadalquivir Valley and Cuenca gene pools. The results suggested that increased virulence may have resulted from admixture of populations from the Guadalquivir Valley and Cuenca followed by recombination of avirulence genes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Virulence in Sunflower Broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) Populations from Southern Spain Is Associated with Greater Genetic Diversity

Martín-Sanz¹,

Malek

Fernández‐Martínez

et al. 2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Sunflower populations that were resistant to race F broomrape were also found in 2002 [20]. However, new broomrape populations, named races G and H [21][22][23], that overcome race F resistance sunflower genes are currently present in Eastern countries such as Turkey, Romania, Bulgaria, and Russia [19]. The speed with which these races of parasitic plants overcame the sunflower resistance is a result of the existence of a single mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunflower Metabolites Involved in Resistance Mechanisms against Broomrape

et al. 2021

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Several strategies have been proposed to control parasitic plants and these include biological control, the use of herbicides, and suicidal germination or trap crops. In the case of sunflower, the most effective solution is genetic resistance. Nevertheless, the use of resistant cultivars is followed by the appearance of new and more virulent races of the parasite that overcome the existing sources of resistance. For this reason, it is necessary to increase our knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the resistant varieties. In this study, the presence of compounds involved in pre-attachment resistance mechanisms in sunflower varieties was analyzed. The production of stimulators of the germination of parasitic plant seeds and the concentration of the haustorial elongation inhibitor, scopoletin, were measured in exudates of resistant and susceptible sunflower varieties. It was found that dehydrocostuslactone and orobanchyl acetate are not involved in the resistance of the sunflower varieties studied. The results demonstrate that costunolide, heliolactone, and scopoletin are related to sunflower resistance. The sunflower varieties studied do not use all available options to fight parasitic plants. This could be one of the reasons that sunflower resistance is rapidly overcome by broomrape.

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“…Initially, all of them were named as race F though the relationship between the different F races has not been studied. Nowadays, populations overcoming resistance sources to race F, named as races G and H, have been identified in most of these countries (Kaya et al, 2009; Pacureanu-Joita et al, 2009; Shindrova and Penchev, 2012; Antonova et al, 2013; Martín-Sanz et al, 2016). As mentioned for race F, no comparative studies have been conducted between races G and H reported in different countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An SSR-SNP Linkage Map of the Parasitic Weed Orobanche cumana Wallr. Including a Gene for Plant Pigmentation

et al. 2019

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Sunflower broomrape ( Orobanche cumana Wallr.) is a holoparasitic plant that causes major yield losses to sunflower crops in the Old World. Efforts to understand how this parasitic weed recognizes and interacts with sunflowers are important for developing long-term genetic resistance strategies. However, such studies are hampered by the lack of genetic tools for O. cumana . The objectives of this research were to construct a genetic linkage map of this species using SSR and SNP markers, and mapping the P g locus that is involved in plant pigmentation. The genetic map was developed from the progenies of a cross between the O. cumana inbred lines EK-12 and EK-A1, which originated from populations belonging to two distant and geographically separated gene pools identified in Spain. The inbred lines also differed in plant pigmentation, with EK-A1 lacking anthocyanin pigmentation ( p g p g genotype). A genetic map comprising 26 SSR and 701 SNP markers was constructed, which displayed 19 linkage groups (LGs), corresponding to the 19 chromosome pairs of O. cumana . The total length of the map was 1795.7 cM, with an average distance between two adjacent positions of 2.5 cM and a maximum map distance of 41.9 cM. The P g locus mapped to LG19 between the SNP markers OS02468 and OS01653 at 7.5 and 3.4 cM, respectively. This study constitutes the first linkage map and trait mapping study in Orobanche spp., laying a key foundation for further genome characterization and providing a basis for mapping additional traits such as those having a key role in parasitism.

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Race composition and distribution of broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) in Bulgaria during 2007-2011

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Increased Virulence in Sunflower Broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) Populations from Southern Spain Is Associated with Greater Genetic Diversity

Increased Virulence in Sunflower Broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) Populations from Southern Spain Is Associated with Greater Genetic Diversity

Sunflower Metabolites Involved in Resistance Mechanisms against Broomrape

An SSR-SNP Linkage Map of the Parasitic Weed Orobanche cumana Wallr. Including a Gene for Plant Pigmentation

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