Race Differences in Mental Health Service Access in a Secure Male Juvenile Justice Facility

Unconscious Bias and the Diagnosis of Disruptive Behavior Disorders and ADHD in African American and Hispanic Youth

“…Diagnostic assessment of ODD, CD, and ADHD requires a broad and informed perspective on historical and environmental determinants of behavior. Studies have indicated that many of the behaviors associated with diagnoses of ODD and CD may be the result of either comorbid or standalone mood, anxiety, and adjustment disorders [11,22]. For example, among 519 adolescent males in a juvenile detention center, 17% had previously received a sole diagnosis of CD.…”

Predictors of Recidivism among Delinquent Youth: Interrelations among Ethnicity, Gender, Age, Mental Health Problems, and Posttraumatic Stress

“…In addition, a number of studies suggest that there also are ethnic differences in the mental health problems displayed by juvenile justice-involved youth (e.g., Abram, Teplin, McClelland, & Dulcan, 2003;Teplin et al, 2002). Caucasian offenders display higher levels of mental health problems, and substance abuse in particular, than their minority peers (Cauffman, 2004;Dalton, Evans, Cruise, Feinstein, & Kendrick, 2009;Gavazzi, Yarcheck, & Lim, 2005), with the possible exception of depression/anxiety (Cauffman, 2004). Likewise, detained Caucasian youth have higher rates of most mental health disorders compared to their African American or Hispanic peers (Abram et al, 2003;Teplin et al, 2002), although results vary and may be specific to particular jurisdictions or judicial processing procedures (Vincent et al, 2008).…”

Suicidal Ideation in Juvenile Arrestees

“…The differences by race or ethnicity were small to virtually nonexistent and the percentages of youth scoring above Caution on the SI scale were as follows: White (22%), Black (15%), and Hispanic (17%). In other studies (e.g., Archer, Stredny, & Arnau, 2004;Cauffman, 2004;Dalton, Evans, Cruise, Feinstein, & Kendrick, 2009;Grisso et al, 2001) when White youth were compared to Black youth on the SI scale, White youth had higher means or scored Caution at higher percentages. When Black and Hispanic youth were compared, Hispanic youth were more likely than Black youth to score higher on the SI scale (Cauffman, 2004;Grisso et al, 2001).…”