Race/ethnic variations in school-year versus summer differences in adolescent physical activity

Sallis, James F.; Conway, Terry L.; Cain, Kelli L.; Geremia, Carrie M.; Bonilla, Edith A.; Spoon, Chad

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105795

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Variations in correlates of sedentary behaviors were examined among a wider diversity of racial/ethnic subgroups than has been reported previously. A previous report from the present study found consistently higher screen time during the summer than the school year, so analyses reported here were conducted for both the school year and summer (Sallis et al, 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 55%

Electronic Devices as Correlates of Sedentary Behavior and Screen Time Among Diverse Low-Income Adolescents During the School Year and Summer Time

Sallis

Conway

Cain

et al. 2020

JHEAL

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Excessive screen time among adolescents increases risk for overweight/obesity. Having electronic devices in the adolescent’s bedroom is associated with more screen time. The present study expanded on previous studies by also examining portable personal electronic devices and social media membership as correlates of screen time use and total sedentary time in the school year and summer among diverse low-income adolescents. Adolescents aged 10-17 years were recruited from lower-income areas, and n=150 completed surveys and wore accelerometers in both the school year and summer: 34 African Americans, 23 American Indians, 16 Asian/Pacific Islanders, 39 Latinos, and 38 White/non-Hispanics. Total sedentary time was computed from accelerometers. Recreational screen time was assessed with a 3-item validated scale. Adolescents reported the presence of 6 electronic devices in their bedrooms, ownership of 4 portable devices, and social media membership. General linear modeling was conducted for both time periods, with demographic covariates and interactions with sex and race-ethnicity. More electronic devices in bedrooms were related to more screen time during the school year and summer, and to more total sedentary time in summer. Personal electronics were only related to more screen time in the school year. Social media membership was related to more total sedentary time in summer, but only among African Americans, American Indians, and non-Hispanic Whites. Electronic devices in bedrooms was confirmed as a risk factor for sedentary behavior among low-income adolescents of color. Social media membership and use should be further studied with diverse adolescents.

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confidence: 55%

Electronic Devices as Correlates of Sedentary Behavior and Screen Time Among Diverse Low-Income Adolescents During the School Year and Summer Time

Sallis

Conway

Cain

et al. 2020

JHEAL

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“…Participants described how Play Streets can help address equity challenges within rural communities, especially among under-resourced families who may not be able to afford summer opportunities that require fees for participation (i.e., camps, swimming pools, organized sports, etc.). This is especially relevant in summer when PA levels have been shown to decrease [ 68 ]. By providing summer opportunities for play and connection that are free and accessible to many children and families, communities can address barriers to health equity such as cost and access.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Play Streets on Social and Community Connectedness in Rural Communities

Meyer

Prochnow

Pickett

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Promoting physical activity (PA) is a long-standing public health initiative to improve overall health and wellbeing. Innovative strategies such as Play Streets, temporary activation of public spaces to provide safe places for active play, are being adopted in urban and rural communities to increase PA among children. As part of these strategies, aspects of social and community connectedness may be strengthened. This study analyzes focus groups and interviews from rural Play Street implementation team members (n = 14) as well as adults (n = 7) and children (n = 25) who attended Play Streets hosted in rural North Carolina, Maryland, Oklahoma, and Texas to better understand the added benefits of Play Streets in community connectedness. Overall, elements of social support and social cohesion are mentioned most frequently with instrumental and conditional support; however, concepts of social capital, collective-efficacy, and social identification are also presented. Participants expressed that Play Streets provided more than just PA; they provided opportunities to access and share resources, build perceptions of safety and trust in the community, and develop relationships with others. Fostering community connection through Play Streets may reduce health inequities in rural communities by building community resilience. Community-based PA programming that enhance and capitalize on community connectedness could be effective ways to improving the overall health and wellbeing of residents.

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“…Most children spend more days outside of school than in school, and research suggests that activity levels among youth are lower on nonschool days, particularly in the summer. 11 In addition, some nonschool day opportunities for physical activity differ from those provided on school days and can involve neighborhood-level initiatives (eg, play streets 28 ) and summer camps. 29 More research is needed, however, to understand the amount of physical activity that nonschool-day programs can provide.…”

Section: Component 1: Timingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,9 Experts recommend that schools provide multiple opportunities for physical activity and that at least half of the required 60 minutes of youth physical activity is achieved during physical education (PE) classes, 10 a goal that is rarely met. Although a focus on school physical activity is important, physical activity during other times of the day (ie, before or after school) and year (eg, summer and winter breaks) have received less attention, 11 leading to fewer evidencebased programs and youth physical activity opportunities outside of the school setting. A framework that considers the timing and context of youth physical activity (eg, school days, nonschool days) can guide efforts to develop new programs to address this gap.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Y-PATHS: A Conceptual Framework for Classifying the Timing, How, and Setting of Youth Physical Activity

Szeszulski¹,

Lanza²,

Dooley³

et al. 2021

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

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Background: Multiple models and frameworks exist for the measurement and classification of physical activity in adults that are applied broadly across populations but have limitations when applied to youth. The authors propose a conceptual framework specifically designed for classifying youth physical activity. Methods: The Youth Physical Activity Timing, How, and Setting (Y-PATHS) framework is a conceptualization of the when (timing), how, and where (setting) of children’s and adolescents’ physical activity patterns. The authors developed Y-PATHS using the design thinking process, which includes 3 stages: inspiration, ideation, and implementation. Results: The Y-PATHS includes 3 major components (timing, how, and setting) and 13 subcomponents. Timing subcomponents include (1) school days: in-school, (2) school days: out-of-school, and (3) nonschool days. How subcomponents include: (1) functional, (2) transportation, (3) organized, and (4) free play. Setting subcomponents include: (1) natural areas, (2) schools, (3) home, (4) recreational facilities, (5) shops and services, and (6) travel infrastructure. Conclusions: The Y-PATHS is a comprehensive classification framework that can help researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to better understand youth physical activity. Specifically, Y-PATHS can help to identify the domains of youth physical activity for surveillance and research and to inform the planning/evaluation of more comprehensive physical activity programming.

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Race/ethnic variations in school-year versus summer differences in adolescent physical activity

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Electronic Devices as Correlates of Sedentary Behavior and Screen Time Among Diverse Low-Income Adolescents During the School Year and Summer Time

Electronic Devices as Correlates of Sedentary Behavior and Screen Time Among Diverse Low-Income Adolescents During the School Year and Summer Time

The Effects of Play Streets on Social and Community Connectedness in Rural Communities

Y-PATHS: A Conceptual Framework for Classifying the Timing, How, and Setting of Youth Physical Activity

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