Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Investigation and Treatment of Growth Hormone Deficiency

Hawkes, Colin P.; Gunturi, Hareesh; Dauber, Andrew; Hirschhorn, Joel N.; Grimberg, Adda

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.04.034

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Compared to females, males are more likely to be screened for GHD by PCPs ( 44 ). White male children are referred more often for SS evaluation when compared to minority groups and females ( 37 ). As part of the evaluation for SS, Pediatric Endocrinologist may perform a GHST.…”

Section: Health Disparity In Pediatric Endocrinologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This test is performed after an overnight fast and involves administering provocative agents (clonidine, arginine, glucagon, insulin) and obtaining serial GH concentrations. Disparities are seen with GHST, with more White males proceeding with the test than minority groups and females ( 37 ). These studies also highlight the high proportion of females not being assessed for SS; this is distressing as SS can be the only physical examination finding in patients with Turner Syndrome ( 38 , 39 , 42 , 44 , 45 ).…”

Section: Health Disparity In Pediatric Endocrinologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Identifying and addressing disparities in the evaluation and treatment of children with growth hormone deficiency

Beliard¹,

Wu²,

Samuels³

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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Health disparities are a significant cause of concern globally and in the United States. Disparities have been additionally highlighted throughout the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic during which populations of color have been the most affected by the disease. Social determinants of health, race, ethnicity, and gender have all contributed to disparate outcomes and disparities spanning all age groups. Multiple socio-ecological factors contribute to disparities and different strategies have been proposed. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of disparities in pediatric treatment and outcomes, with a focus on children with endocrine disorders.

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Section: Health Disparity In Pediatric Endocrinologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Health Disparity In Pediatric Endocrinologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying and addressing disparities in the evaluation and treatment of children with growth hormone deficiency

Beliard¹,

Wu²,

Samuels³

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…Our findings corroborated similar findings found in other fields of surgery including cardiovascular, 7,8 transplant, 9,10 vascular, 11 oncologic, 12,13 and general orthopaedic 14 surgery. Importantly, these racial disparities are pervasive across other nonsurgical medical specialties 70–72 . Racial disparities across multiple fields of medicine, despite unique differences in procedure and patient populations between medical and surgical subspecialties, suggests that health inequities are pervasive throughout the healthcare system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, these racial disparities are pervasive across other nonsurgical medical specialties. [70][71][72] Racial disparities across multiple fields of medicine, despite unique differences in procedure and patient populations between medical and surgical subspecialties, suggests that health inequities are pervasive throughout the healthcare system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial Disparities in Spine Surgery

Ikwuezunma

Mun

et al. 2022

Clinical Spine Surgery: A Spine Publication

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Study Design: Systematic Review. Objectives: To synthesize previous studies evaluating racial disparities in spine surgery. Methods: We queried PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for literature on racial disparities in spine surgery. Our review was constructed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items and Meta-analyses guidelines and protocol. The main outcome measures were the occurrence of racial disparities in postoperative outcomes, mortality, surgical management, readmissions, and length of stay. Results: A total of 1753 publications were assessed. Twenty-two articles met inclusion criteria. Seventeen studies compared Whites (Ws) and African Americans (AAs) groups; 14 studies reported adverse outcomes for AAs. When compared with Ws, AA patients had higher odds of postoperative complications including mortality, cerebrospinal fluid leak, nervous system complications, bleeding, infection, in-hospital complications, adverse discharge disposition, and delay in diagnosis. Further, AAs were found to have increased odds of readmission and longer length of stay. Finally, AAs were found to have higher odds of nonoperative treatment for spinal cord injury, were more likely to undergo posterior approach in the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy, and were less likely to receive cervical disk arthroplasty compared with Ws for similar indications. Conclusions: This systematic review of spine literature found that when compared with W patients, AA patients had worse health outcomes. Further investigation of root causes of these racial disparities in spine surgery is warranted.

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“…It is helpful to recognise that currently girls and ethnic minority groups with short stature are less likely to be referred, assessed, and treated despite their greater need. 4 , 5 It is crucial that clinicians recognise their implicit biases and understand the social disparities in the assessment of childhood short stature to improve timely diagnosis, referral, and early access to treatment. 6 This article outlines how to undertake a targeted assessment in a child presenting with short stature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%