Racial and ethnic disparities in work‐related injuries and socio‐economic resources among nursing assistants employed in US nursing homes

Abstract

Minority racial and ethnic groups were less likely to report having experienced injuries compared with non-Hispanic white NAs. Future research should focus on identifying preventable risk factors, such as differences by race and ethnicity in the nature of NA jobs and the extent of their engagement in assisting patients with activities of daily living.

Health situation of migrant and minority nurses: A systematic review

“…Twelve of the studies employed quantitative and one qualitative methods, while two used a mixed-method design. Convenience and purposive sampling methods were most frequently applied to recruit the study participants, while Beechnior et Fitzpatrick (2008), Pittman et al (2014) and Tak et al (2010) recruited their study sample randomly [41, 71, 72]. …”

“…While six studies focussed on somatic outcomes [61–63, 65, 70, 71], eight articles addressed psychosocial outcomes [41, 64, 66–69, 72, 73]. Physiological responses of nurses to anxiety, anger and happiness [61–63] like elevated blood pressure were observed but also physical reactions like back pain [65].…”

“…Physiological responses of nurses to anxiety, anger and happiness [61–63] like elevated blood pressure were observed but also physical reactions like back pain [65]. Simpson and Severson (2000) and Tak et al (2010) examined injury rates among nurses [70, 71]. As direct health-related psychosocial outcomes perceived stress at work, job strain and levels of depression [66, 68] and distress [72] were identified.…”

“…Besides the job content questionnaire [66], the Nursing Work Index [73], the Occupation Stress Inventory [73], the Demands of immigration (D.I.) scale [72], the Ways of Coping Checklist [64], and the Beck Depression Inventory [61, 63, 67], self-developed questionnaires were used for data collection [41, 62, 65, 67, 69–71]. …”

“…Five studies met all criteria according to MMAT [65, 67, 69, 71, 72], three studies reached 3 out of 4 stars [41, 68, 70] and the remaining six met one or two criteria [61–64, 66, 73]. Among the quantitative descriptive studies, only Ghilan et al (2013) and Tak et al (2010) applied an adequate sampling strategy, provided a representative sample, used appropriate measurements and reached an acceptable response rate [65, 71]. The longitudinal study from Hogh et al (2011) received robust rating results, since the study participants were recruited in a way that minimized selection bias and the measurements were appropriately designed [67].…”