Racial and gender disparities in neurology

Saleem, Sidra; Sattar, Naveed; Chaudhary, Amna Mohyud Din; Zeshan, Muhammad; Hafeez, Dawood M.; Siddiqi, Javed; Khosa, Faisal

doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-138584

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This gap was more pronounced for leadership roles since only 12% of chairs were women and were White/Caucasian [15]. These findings were corroborated by another study exploring gender and racial trends among neurology faculty [16]. In another study eliciting these trends among neurology residents, no appreciable change was observed for underrepresented minorities [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Gender and Racial Trends Among Vascular Neurology Fellowship Programs: By Design or By Default

Maqsood

Sattar

Younus

et al. 2021

Cureus

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IntroductionBenefits of increasing diversity in teams include the addition of different perspectives leading to increased innovation and creativity, faster problem solving, improved workforce morale, and reduced burnout leading to improved patient outcomes. This article reviewed the trend of gender and racial disparity in vascular neurology fellowship programs. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data extracted from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)'s annual Data Resource Books from 2007 to 2019. ACGME cataloged gender as men and women and race/ethnicity was categorized as White/Non-Hispanic, Asian or Pacific Island, Hispanic, Black/Non-Hispanic, Native American/Alaskan, others, and unknown. Counts, proportions, relative, and absolute percentage changes were calculated to highlight trends in resident appointments over time and across the specialty of vascular neurology. ResultsThe representation of females increased steadily; with a relative increase of 11.78% from the year 2007 to 2019. Race/ethnicity was reported starting from the year 2011. When averaged across the nine-year study period, 35% of the study sample was White (Non-Hispanic), followed by Asian/Pacific Islanders at 25%. The representation of Hispanics was 4.8%, Black/African Americans were 3%, Native Americans/ Alaskans were 0.23% and Others were 13% of the total study population. For 17.7% of the fellows, racial data were not known and was categorized as Unknown racial distribution. ConclusionOur study concludes that gender and racial disparity persists within the fellowship programs of vascular neurology. Effective strategies at individual, administrative, and national levels are needed to engage women and under-represented minorities in vascular neurology as a career choice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Gender and Racial Trends Among Vascular Neurology Fellowship Programs: By Design or By Default

Maqsood

Sattar

Younus

et al. 2021

Cureus

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“…Over the past 12 years in academic neurology, White people were predominant in all faculty positions followed by Asians, Hispanics, and Black, with the least representation among Native Hawaiians and Native Americans. 26 Moreover, significantly more White faculty (69.8%), compared to other races, exist in academic surgery. 22 In science and engineering fields, underrepresented minority faculty in tenure-track and tenured positions were relatively few, despite the increasing number of PhD recipients in the same field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, 69% of chest radiology faculty 23 and 59% of family medicine faculty 16 in North America, and 71% of ophthalmology faculty 18 and 67% of emergency medicine faculty 20 in the US were male. Moreover, 78% of emergency medicine faculty, 20 70% of surgery faculty 22 and 60% to 85% of neurology faculty (from instructor to full professor) 26 were White. Only 35% of US medical school faculty were women and 62% were White, making White male full professors the largest group in the study population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial and Gender Diversity Among Students and Faculty in EHAC-Accredited Environmental Health Sciences Programs: Trend Analysis from 2009 to 2021

Balanay

Mitchell

Richards

2022

Environ�Health�Insights

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Diversity in the environmental health sciences (EHS) workforce is crucial in providing culturally sensitive services to diverse communities. This may be influenced by academic faculty training a diverse student body in the field of environmental health. This study aimed to characterize the diversity of students and faculty in EHS programs accredited by the National Environmental Health Science and Protection Accreditation Council (EHAC). A retrospective analysis was conducted on secondary data obtained from annual surveys administered to program directors in EHAC-accredited academic programs that included both undergraduate and graduate EHS degrees. The database covered surveys on gender and race that were conducted by EHAC for 12 academic years spanning 2009-2010 to 2020-2021. Results show most students (undergraduate and graduate) were female (54.4% and 52.1%, respectively) and white (61.0% and 50.7%, respectively). Increasing trends were observed over the last 12 years (2009-2021) in female undergraduate (from 53.7% to 59.8%) and graduate (from 47.1% to 60.3%) students and in non-white undergraduate students (from 40.0% to 48.2%). Most faculty (teaching in undergraduate and graduate programs) were male (64.4% and 64.3%, respectively) and white (77.9% and 92.1%, respectively). Increasing trends were observed from 2009 to 2021 in female faculty teaching undergraduate (from 27.7% to 42.2%) and graduate (from 31.3% to 42.1%) students. Native American, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander are consistently the most underrepresented racial groups in both undergraduate and graduate students and faculty. This study provides baseline data on the diversity of students and faculty in EHAC-accredited programs, which is important in informing future research and efforts to increase such diversity. Gender and racial disparity in EHS students and faculty needs to be addressed to provide necessary support to women and non-White constituents by institutional change in culture through active recruitment and by stronger collaboration between professional organizations and minority groups.

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“…There are lower percentages of underrepresented minorities in neurology residencies and fellowships compared to active physicians overall [3]. Additionally, in 2017 79.8% of people who were of chairperson rank in academic neurology were white and although the proportion of female faculty in neurology has increased, they remain underrepresented in leadership roles [4]. This is a trend that is further replicated on editorial boards of prominent journals, as 93% of JAMAs editorial leaders were white men [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priority of Gender and Racial Disparity in Neurology Journals: A Bibliometric Analysis, 2016–2021

Mohammed¹,

Siddiqi²

2022

Neuroepidemiology

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Introduction: Medicine and the field of neurology are not immune to gender and racial disparities present more broadly in society. Even within academia there remains a persistent lack of representation of women and racial minorities, but with the recent spotlight on discrimination it is more necessary than ever that prevailing disparities are acknowledged by medical journals and reflected in their publication priorities. This bibliometric study assesses whether social justice trends have influenced the number of articles published that discuss gender and racial disparity in the past 5 years within the top three leading neurological journals. Our assumption is that any trend towards more publications related to gender and racial disparities are reflective of the publication priorities of, and thus the perceived relevance to, the editorial boards of the chosen journals. Methods: Using key word search of “gender,” “race,” and “disparity” in the title or context of published papers, the archives of Lancet Neurology, Nature Reviews Neurology, and Alzheimer’s & Dementia were reviewed. Results: The results indicated that although there was a slight overall increase in coverage of the aforementioned topics, it was negligible compared to the broad impact of current social justice movements. Conclusion: Our data suggest an inadequate publication priority for scholarly work on gender and racial disparity in the chosen journals, over the latest 5 years reviewed.

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Racial and gender disparities in neurology

Cited by 26 publications

References 36 publications

Gender and Racial Trends Among Vascular Neurology Fellowship Programs: By Design or By Default

Gender and Racial Trends Among Vascular Neurology Fellowship Programs: By Design or By Default

Racial and Gender Diversity Among Students and Faculty in EHAC-Accredited Environmental Health Sciences Programs: Trend Analysis from 2009 to 2021

Priority of Gender and Racial Disparity in Neurology Journals: A Bibliometric Analysis, 2016–2021

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