Racial Disparities in Drug Court Graduation Rates: The Role of Recovery Support Groups and Environments

Gallagher, John; Wahler, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.1080/1533256x.2018.1448277

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Likewise, an individual's view on natural supports such as family and perceived environmental stressors can affect their likelihood of completing treatment requirements and maintaining sobriety. For instance, court-ordered participants have indicated that recovery support groups tend to be the most beneficial aspects of drug court, which encouraged completion of the program [32]. However, similar to the literature, factors such as their environment, culture, and family support can also become indicators that hinder the likelihood of recovery maintenance [33].…”

Section: Detoxification Phase: Detoxification Is the Stage In Which Anmentioning

confidence: 90%

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2023

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Section: Detoxification Phase: Detoxification Is the Stage In Which Anmentioning

confidence: 90%

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2023

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“…high fidelity vs sub-threshold fidelity, e.g. <80% of expected sessions), time and fidelity Â time interaction is the primary covariate of interest as it shows whether change over time varies as a function of fidelity to the model, as well as adjusting for covariates: age; gender; race; and ethnicity based on prior DTC outcome literature (Brown et al, 2009;Gallagher and Wahler, 2018;Howard, 2016;Mateyoke-Scrivner et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A co-occurring disorders intervention for drug treatment court: 12-month pilot study outcomes

Smelson

Shaffer

Rodríguez

et al. 2020

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Purpose Many individuals in drug treatment courts (DTCs) have co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders (COD), which can negatively impact treatment engagement, behavioral health and criminal justice outcomes. This paper aims to report results of DTC participants with a COD, who received a 12-month wraparound treatment intervention called MISSION-Criminal Justice (MISSION-CJ) alongside DTC to improve treatment engagement and behavioral health outcomes and reduce reincarcerations. Design/methodology/approach In this pre-post, single-group pilot, 48 clients enrolled and 81% completed 12-month follow-up assessments (N = 39) and weekly MISSION-CJ fidelity for type and intensity of services delivered. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) were computed with a fixed term for fidelity (e.g. high or low MISSION-CJ), time and a fidelity x time interaction term. Findings Among participants, at 12 months, 81% of the participants remained engaged in treatment at study completion, and 89% had high MISSON-CJ fidelity. Clients demonstrated significant reductions from baseline to 12 months in average nights in jail (B = −0.1849511, p < 0.0344), mental health symptoms via the Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale (BASIS) total and subscale scores (B = −0.121613, p < 0.0186) and trauma symptoms on the PTSD Checklist-5 (PCL-5) (B = −0.928791, p < 0.0138). High MISSION-CJ fidelity further improved criminal justice, and behavioral health outcomes. Originality/value This was the first reported 12-month MISSION-CJ trial. While feasible to implement, given the design limitations, future research should include a large randomized controlled trial.

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“…Last, future qualitative research should also compare and contrast how important demographic variables, such as sex and race, are impacted by the treatment of opioid use disorders in drug court. Previous research, for instance, has demonstrated that in some drug courts, racial disparities exist in graduation outcomes, where African Americans graduate less than their White counterparts (Gallagher & Nordberg, 2018). Therefore, it is important to assess whether racial disparities also exist in access to and utilization of MATs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating Opioid Use Disorders in Drug Court: Participants’ Views on Using Medication-Assisted Treatments (MATs) to Support Recovery

Gallagher

Wahler

Minasian

et al. 2019

International Criminal Justice Review

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Drug courts began in 1989 in Miami-Dade County, FL. Due to their success in treating substance use disorders and reducing criminal recidivism, they have expanded globally and are currently operating in countries such as Australia, Canada, and Scotland, to name a few. Drug courts can be a key intervention in addressing the opioid epidemic. This is the first known qualitative study to ask drug court participants ( n = 38) who have opioid use disorders questions related to their lived experiences in drug court, as well as direct questions related to the use of medication-assisted treatments (MATs) in drug court. Overall, drug court participants felt that MATs were helpful for treating their opioid use disorders; however, some participants reported using other drugs while on MATs and they viewed their recovery through a harm reduction lens. Additionally, participants emphasized the importance of using MATs in combination with counseling that used cognitive and behavioral therapies. Implications for drug court practice and future research are discussed.

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Racial Disparities in Drug Court Graduation Rates: The Role of Recovery Support Groups and Environments

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

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A co-occurring disorders intervention for drug treatment court: 12-month pilot study outcomes

Treating Opioid Use Disorders in Drug Court: Participants’ Views on Using Medication-Assisted Treatments (MATs) to Support Recovery

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