Racial Disproportionality and Disparities Among Latinx Children

Johnson‐Motoyama, Michelle; Phillips, Rebecca; Beer, O

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-54314-3_5

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Much child welfare research suggests different outcomes for Black children compared to other ethno-racial groups (Barth et al, 2020). Depending on the outcome under investigation, local context, and other factors, findings are varied on differential outcomes for Hispanic/Latinx children (see Johnson-Motoyama, Phillips, & Beer, 2021). Similar to findings from other studies (Wulczyn, 2020), results from these data show that at age 18, Black children are less likely to be reunified (28.1%) compared to white children (36.4%).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

A longitudinal investigation of infants and out-of-home care

Magruder

Berrick

2022

Journal of Public Child Welfare

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Foster care placements for infants can be consequential. Research suggests that infants' path through and beyond the care system is different than the experience for children of other age groups. Studying infants is important because of their unique needs for developmentally-sensitive care; because of the underpinnings of attachment theory; and because the longterm impacts of quality care can be pronounced. Prior research examining infants in care has typically focused on their first episode and the outcomes of that episode. This study offers a longitudinal examination of a population-based cohort of infants (n = 5789) born in 2001 who entered care during the first year of life and who were followed through multiple care episodes until age 18. Findings suggest that using single, first episode data overstates the proportion of children who successfully reunify and understates the proportion of children who are adopted, return to care, or live with guardians. This research also suggests that the experience of infants who enter care as neonates is different from that of infants who enter care after the first four weeks of life. The long-term outcome for neonates is much more likely to be adoption. Long-term foster care for all infants is an especially unlikely outcome.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

A longitudinal investigation of infants and out-of-home care

Magruder

Berrick

2022

Journal of Public Child Welfare

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“…Additionally, available data simply do not support national examination of less populous racial categories. Most maltreatment research has focused on Black and White populations (Johnson-Motoyama et al, 2021), with Hispanic children understudied relative to their numbers and population growth. Other populations, including Native American, Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, and multiracial and multiethnic populations have received even less attention, partly because their smaller populations make creating stable estimates, or employing suitable contextual variables (such as geographically derived contextual income) problematic (Jones et al, 2022; Kim & Drake, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Child Protective Services Reporting, Substantiation and Placement, With Comparison to Non-CPS Risks and Outcomes: 2005–2019

Drake¹,

Jones²,

Kim

et al. 2023

Child Maltreat

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We used National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System and Census data to examine Black–White and Hispanic–White disparities in reporting, substantiation, and out-of-home placement both descriptively from 2005–2019 and in multivariate models from 2007–2017. We also tracked contemporaneous social risk (e.g., child poverty) and child harm (e.g., infant mortality) disparities using non-child protective services (CPS) sources and compared them to CPS reporting rate disparities. Black–White CPS reporting disparities were lower than found in non-CPS risk and harm benchmarks. Consistent with the Hispanic paradox, Hispanic–White CPS reporting disparities were lower than risk disparities but similar to harm disparities. Descriptive and multivariate analyses of data from the past several years indicated that Black children were less likely to be substantiated or placed into out-of-home care following a report than White children. Hispanic children were slightly more likely to be substantiated or placed in out-of-home care than White children overall, but this difference disappeared in multivariate models. Available data provide no evidence that Black children were overreported relative to observed risks and harms reflected in non-CPS data. Reducing reporting rates among Black children will require addressing broader conditions associated with maltreatment.

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“…Relationships and ties also impact children indirectly through their parents. High perceived levels of parental social support for example, have been shown to mediate risks associated with inadequate resources among Hispanic children of immigrants (Johnson-Motoyama & Wu, 2018).…”

Section: Neighborhood Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Preschoolers’ Psychosocial Development, Parents, and Neighborhoods: Towards an Integrative Approach for Immigrant Families

Vaughn,

Rojas-Flores,

Wang

2023

J Child Fam Stud

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Nearly 5.5 million children between the ages of 0–5 in the US have at least one immigrant parent, and 22% of these children live below the poverty line. Emerging research highlights the importance of examining the neighborhood- and parenting-level risks and resources that are most impactful for young children of immigrants’ social development. Using a subsample of 3–5-year-old children (N = 1134) from the National Survey of Children’s Health (CAHMI, 2018), this study tested a conceptual model of cross-level interactions between neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES), behavior problems and flourishing in young children who have at least one foreign-born parent. Structural equation modeling results suggested an indirect effect of neighborhood SES on child flourishing and behavioral problems through neighborhood- (collective efficacy, resources) and parent-level characteristics (mental health, aggravation, parent-child interaction). The relations between neighborhood structure and child outcomes were fully mediated by parenting. Specifically, disadvantages in neighborhood structure had significant direct effects on parental mental health, parenting aggravation, and parent-child interaction, which explained relations between neighborhood structure and child outcomes. Results point to future research areas and potential policy and prevention interventions at neighborhood and parental levels.

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Racial Disproportionality and Disparities Among Latinx Children

Cited by 7 publications

References 88 publications

A longitudinal investigation of infants and out-of-home care

A longitudinal investigation of infants and out-of-home care

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Child Protective Services Reporting, Substantiation and Placement, With Comparison to Non-CPS Risks and Outcomes: 2005–2019

Preschoolers’ Psychosocial Development, Parents, and Neighborhoods: Towards an Integrative Approach for Immigrant Families

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