Racial incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis in South Africa

Joffe, Stephen N.

doi:10.1002/bjs.1800611214

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, mortality data obtained by WHO must be interpreted with caution, since possible sources of bias, such as variations in coding practices, limitations in the number of secondary diagnosis coded, and diagnoses not definitely confirmed may be present. WHO Bulletins do not provide TE death rates for Africans and furthermore results of clinical studies are in conflict (24)(25)(26). Nevertheless, autoptic studies, which represent the gold standard for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, clearly demonstrated a low prevalence of TE in Africans (27,28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Factor V Leiden Mutation in Non-European Populations

et al. 1997

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SummaryA difference in the prevalence of venous thromboembolism (TE) in major human groups has been described and an uneven distribution of FV Leiden mutation over the world has recently been reported.We investigated FV Leiden mutation in 584 apparently healthy sub#jects mostly from populations different from those previously investi#gated: 170 Europeans (Spanish, Italians), 101 sub-saharan Africans (Fon, Bariba, Berba, Dendi), 115 Asians (Indonesians, Chinese, Tharus), 57 Amerindians (Cayapa), 84 Afroamericans (Rio Cayapa, Viche), and 57 Ethiopians (Amhara, Oromo).The mutation was detected in only 1/115 Asian (Tharu) and in 5/170 Europeans (4 Italians, 1 Spanish).These data confirm that in non-Europeans the prevalence of FV mutation is at least 7 times lower than in Europeans and provide indirect evidence of a low prevalence not only of the FV Leiden gene but also of other genes leading to more severe thrombophilia. Finally, findings from the literature together with those pertaining to this study clearly show a marked heterogeneity among Europeans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Factor V Leiden Mutation in Non-European Populations

et al. 1997

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“…A further autopsy-based study in Japan found a significantly lower frequency of PE compared to matched cases in Boston (USA) (Gore et al, 1964). In contrast, a small study (100 patients) undertaken in South Africa investigating post-operative DVT utilising both radio-isotope and Doppler ultrasound imaging in patients undergoing major surgery found high rates of asymptomatic DVT of up to 50% in non-Europeans, equal to the rate detected in Europeans (Joffe, 1974). This provided initial evidence to challenge the perception that VTE was rare in non-Caucasians and suggested that low rates reported in other ethnic groups were possibly due to under-diagnosis and retrospective study design.…”

Section: Early Reports Suggesting a Low Incidence In Non-caucasian Pomentioning

confidence: 92%

Venous thromboembolism and ethnicity

2009

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SummaryVenous thromboembolism (VTE) has long been considered a disease that affects predominantly white populations, a misconception resulting from a paucity of epidemiological data from non-Western countries, and the low incidence of hereditary thrombophilia in those of non-Caucasian background. Over the last decade, interest has grown in this area with the emergence of evidence that VTE is as prevalent, if not more so, in the black population and is also common in Asian groups. Much is still to be learned, as our current knowledge of hereditary thrombophilia and acquired risk factors do not fully explain the risk of VTE in non-Caucasian groups. This review summarises the current understanding of ethnic variation in VTE and highlights the need for further research in this area.

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“…Age [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]53,69,102,260 Moderate Obesity [32][33][34][35]37,102,133,260 Minor Ethnicity 31,42,263 Minor Immobilization 34,41 Moderate Previous VTE 31,34,41,102 Severe Estrogen therapy 53,176 Minor Inherited thrombophilia 209,250,251,260 Severe Malignancy 32,34,35,37,53,[99][100][101] Moderate Heparin-inudced thrombocytopenia 234 Severe…”

Section: Risk Factors Severitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Venous Thromboembolism

Kearon¹

2001

Seminars in Vascular Medicine

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The annual incidence of diagnosed venous thromboembolism (VTE) is 1 to 2 events per 1000 of the general population. VTE is very uncommon before age 20 years and, after 40 years of age, the incidence about doubles with each decade. Over half of episodes of VTE are deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and three quarters are first episodes. The incidence of VTE is similar in men and women and lower in Asians than it is in Caucasians or Africans. Hereditary risk factors include the factor V Leiden mutation; the G20210A prothrombin gene mutation; and deficiencies of protein C, protein S, and antithrombin. Hyperhomocysteinemia and elevated levels of factors I, VIII and XI, which may be hereditary and/or acquired, are also risk factors. Acquired risk factors include malignancy, hospitalization, surgery, venous trauma, immobilization, estrogen therapy, pregnancy, and the antiphospholipid antibodies. Risk factors for a first episode of VTE are generally also risk factors for recurrence, although the associated relative risk for thrombosis may differ for a first and subsequent event.

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Racial incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis in South Africa

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Prevalence of Factor V Leiden Mutation in Non-European Populations

Prevalence of Factor V Leiden Mutation in Non-European Populations

Venous thromboembolism and ethnicity

Epidemiology of Venous Thromboembolism

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