Racial oases as spaces of positive racial identity socialization among African Canadian post-secondary students

Contradictory Mobilities and Cultural Projects of Afropolitanism African Immigrant Nurses in Vancouver, Canada

“…Importantly, these subjective experiences reveal the insidious nature of racism in Canada's liberal multiculturalism society (Kihika 2022), as a function of its systems, and its practices and policies of governmentality (Willmott 2021). While rooted in well-meaning frameworks, this pervasive racism that makes it difficult for Black nurses to name their experiences is associated with the racial battle fatigue syndrome Black immigrants develop in the context of the contradictions of liberal ideology (Daniel 2021).…”

“…Racial battle fatigue syndrome refers to the persistent racialized stressors that prevent Black people from developing wholesome emotional and physical health (Daniel 2021). The stress and racial battle fatigue Black nurses experience due to tensions between their racialized realities and the myth of a post-racial society is aptly captured by Eli's wistful comment: …I've wondered whether it's discrimination or it's just a genuine mistake.…”

“Oh, you’re my health care provider?” Recounting the experiences of people of African descent in Nova Scotia pursuing or working in health professions

“…The rationale for including mentors was driven by findings that culturally specific environments often exert an influence on indi viduals beyond direct participants, providing both mentees and mentors of the program the opportunity to engage in positive socialization centred around shared racial identity. 9 We defined pursuit of a health profession as being enrolled in the Faculty of Dentistry, the Faculty of Medicine or 1 of the 10 schools or col leges listed under the Faculty of Health at Dalhousie University; we considered licensed health care professionals to be working in a health profession.…”

“…8 An intervention strategy that directly addresses these factors is the implementation of cultur ally specific programs within universities to counteract the sense of marginality, invisibility and discomfort associated with being racially underrepresented in an academic institution. 9 Past pro grams have reported increased confidence and belonging among aspiring health care providers of African descent. [10][11][12][13] However, it remains unclear to what extent barriers to meaningful social rela tions and feeling wellconnected persist for racialized health pro fessionals, even while engaging in these programs.…”

Exploring Asian American and Pacific Islander Youth Identity Development in a Community Based Youth Program

“…Similar terms to "safe space" have emerged such as racial oases. Coined by Daniel (2021) in their research on positive racial identity among African Canadian post-secondary students, "racial oasis" refers to a space that can provide "temporary respite for those who live with racism" and where they can "critically engage with notions of race and racism and develop strategies that will help them navigate racial trauma" (1). These safe spaces are termed racial oases due to the relief they provide for racialized individuals and the role they play in the development of a positive racial identity.…”