Racial Variation in Sex Steroid Hormones and the Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis in Umbilical Cord Blood of Male Neonates

Rohrmann, Sabine; Sutcliffe, Catherine G.; Bienstock, Jessica L.; Monsegue, Deborah; Akereyeni, Folasade; Bradwin, Gary; Rifai, Nader; Pollak, Michael; Agurs‐Collins, Tanya; Platz, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0817

Cited by 41 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Although previous studies have shown racial/ethnic differences in sex hormones (33)(34)(35), and that socioeconomic factors were more strongly associated with perceived stress in white men than in other racial/ethnic groups (36), we found no significant differences with respect to race/ ethnicity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Workplace noise exposure and serum testosterone in men enrolled in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Dzhambov

2016

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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There is compelling evidence from animal experiments that noise exposure suppresses testosterone in males by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis. Virtually nothing is known about its effect in humans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the association between occupational noise exposure and serum testosterone in a representative sample of the general population. The sample has been taken from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data for the period between 1999 and 2004 and is limited to employed men aged 16-85+ years at the time. The associations between noise exposure (either established according to the Occupational Information Network -O*NET categories or self-reported) and total and free testosterone (TT and FT, respectively) were analysed using linear regression models with increasing adjustments. In the fully adjusted model (n=414), the third quartile of the O*NET noise exposure was associated with lower TT and FT, which reached statistically significant decrease of -58.32 ng dL -1 (95 % CI: -111.22, -5.42) and -1.58 ng dL -1 (95 % CI: -2.98, -0.18), respectively. In stratified analyses, younger, lower income, normal weight, better hearing, and workers not using hearing protection at work experienced significantly more severe adverse effects than the rest. The odds for hypogonadism (TT<300 ng dL -1 ) did not significantly rise with one interquartile range increment in O*NET noise exposure (OR=1.24, 95 % CI: 0.64, 2.39). Self-reported loud noise exposure did not significantly decrease TT when all men were considered (n=214) and only in the men ≥37 years did it decrease TT significantly by -87.55 ng dL -1 (95 % CI: -158.35, -16.74). In conclusion, noise exposure was associated with lower TT and FT only in some population subgroups and these associations were non-linear.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Workplace noise exposure and serum testosterone in men enrolled in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Dzhambov

2016

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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“…25–27 Moreover, pregnant African-American women have higher serum T levels, with a greater frequency of low-birth-weight babies. 28–30 Experimental studies show that increasing T levels in pregnant rats to concentrations similar to levels in preeclamptic pregnancies leads to fetal growth restriction. 31;32 Furthermore, these low-birth-weight T offspring develop cardiovascular dysfunction in a sex-specific manner that is more pronounced in males than females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Testosterone Reduces Uterine Blood Flow, Spiral Artery Elongation, and Placental Oxygenation in Pregnant Rats

et al. 2016

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Elevated maternal testosterone levels are shown to cause fetal growth restriction, eventually culminating in sex-specific adult-onset hypertension that is more pronounced in males than females. In this study, we tested whether utero- and feto-placental disturbances underlie fetal growth restriction and if these changes vary in male and female placentas. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with vehicle (n=16) or testosterone propionate (0.5 mg/Kg/day from gestation day 15–19; n=16). On gestation day 20, we quantified uterine artery blood flow using microultrasound, visualized placental arterial network using x-ray microcomputed tomography, determined fetoplacental hypoxia using pimonidazole and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, and used Affymetrix array to determine changes in placental expression of genes involved in vascular development. Plasma testosterone levels increased 2-fold in testosterone-injected rats. Placental and fetal weights were lower in rats with elevated testosterone. Uterine artery blood flow was lower and resistance index was higher in testosterone group. Radial and spiral artery diameter and length, number of fetoplacental arterial branches, and umbilical artery diameter were reduced in the testosterone group. In addition, markers of hypoxia in the placentas and fetuses were elevated in the testosterone group. The magnitude of changes in placental vasculature and hypoxia were greater in males than females and were associated with sex-specific alteration of unique sets of genes involved in angiogenesis and blood vessel morphogenesis. The results demonstrate that elevated testosterone during gestation induces a decrease in uterine arterial blood flow and fetal sex-related uteroplacental vascular changes, which may set the stage for subsequent sex differences in adult-onset diseases.

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“…Additional studies have indirectly addressed the influence of the in utero environment on the prostate cancer racial disparity. For example, we previously reported slightly higher concentrations of testosterone, estradiol [16], and leptin [17] and slightly lower concentrations of insulin-like growth factors [16] and vitamin D [18] in the cord blood of black male neonates compared with white male neonates. In addition, higher testosterone and androstenedione concentrations in black compared to white mothers have been previously reported at the beginning of gestation [19, 20] or at time of delivery [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of In Utero Maternal and Neonate Factors on Cord Blood Leukocyte Telomere Length: Clues to the Racial Disparity in Prostate Cancer?

et al. 2016

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Background. Modifiable factors in adulthood that explain the racial disparity in prostate cancer have not been identified. Because racial differences in utero that may account for this disparity are understudied, we investigated the association of maternal and neonate factors with cord blood telomere length, as a cumulative marker of cell proliferation and oxidative damage, by race. Further, we evaluated whether cord blood telomere length differs by race. Methods. We measured venous umbilical cord blood leukocyte relative telomere length by qPCR in 38 black and 38 white full-term male neonates. Using linear regression, we estimated geometric mean relative telomere length and tested for differences by race. Results. Black mothers were younger and had higher parity and black neonates had lower birth and placental weights. These factors were not associated with relative telomere length, even after adjusting for or stratifying by race. Relative telomere length in black (2.72) and white (2.73) neonates did not differ, even after adjusting for maternal or neonate factors (all p > 0.9). Conclusions. Maternal and neonate factors were not associated with cord blood telomere length, and telomere length did not differ by race. These findings suggest that telomere length at birth does not explain the prostate cancer racial disparity.

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Racial Variation in Sex Steroid Hormones and the Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis in Umbilical Cord Blood of Male Neonates

Cited by 41 publications

References 42 publications

Workplace noise exposure and serum testosterone in men enrolled in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Workplace noise exposure and serum testosterone in men enrolled in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Elevated Testosterone Reduces Uterine Blood Flow, Spiral Artery Elongation, and Placental Oxygenation in Pregnant Rats

Influence of In Utero Maternal and Neonate Factors on Cord Blood Leukocyte Telomere Length: Clues to the Racial Disparity in Prostate Cancer?

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