Autocorrelation measurement based on second‐harmonic generation (SHG), the best‐known technique for measuring the temporal duration of ultrashort pulses, dates back to the birth of ultrafast lasers. Here, it is proposed and experimentally demonstrated that such well‐established technique can be used to measure the orbital angular momentum of ultrashort Laguerre–Gauss (LG) pulses. By analyzing the spatial spectrum (i.e., the far‐field pattern) of the SHG signal with a spatially‐resolved detector, the full spatial structure of ultrashort LG pulses, including both azimuthal and radial indices, are unambiguously determined. The results provide an important advancement for the well‐established autocorrelation technique by extending it to reach its full potential in laser characterization, especially for structured ultrashort pulses.