Radiant flash pyrolysis of cellulose—Evidence for the formation of short life time intermediate liquid species

The Overview of Thermal Decomposition of Cellulose in Lignocellulosic Biomass

“…Compared to the on-line pyrolysis study of cellulose, the off-line pyrolysis of cellulose is mostly carried out under the relatively high temperature (above 400 o C) or high heating rate (more than or around 1000 o C/s) [12,32,36,40,[44][45][46][47][48] and sometimes under low temperature heating (below 400 o C) [49,50], concerning the following issues: 1) the distributions of the gas, liquid and solid products; 2) the formation of the specific compounds and the pyrolytic chemical pathways. How these two issues may be influenced by the pyrolytic reactors and the variables like temperature, residence time, heating rate, pressure, particle size, catalytic salts and crystallinity is extensively examined in the literature, in order to promote the product specificity, maximize the yield and improve the understanding of the pyrolytic mechanism.…”

Biomass Pyrolysis: Comments on Some Sources of Confusions in the Definitions of Temperatures and Heating Rates

“…The purpose of the present paper is not to exhaustively review all related papers. However, and as examples, the References [2,[5][6][7][8][9] can be considered. Many other references can be found as citations in these papers, notably in the recent review of Di Blasi [8].…”

“…The results [5][6][7] of the modelling show that after a certain time of heat up (without any reaction), the particle suddenly begins to react (pyrolysis reaction). Then, and after a fraction of a second (depending on the physical parameters and heating conditions), the uniform particle temperature stabilizes as long as the reaction proceeds.…”

“…small Bi and M numbers) reacting particle provides the time evolution of the sample temperature T S [5,7]. As mentioned above, the temperature increases regularly before slowing down and stabilizing as soon as the reaction begins.…”

Characterization of Water-Soluble Intermediates and Solid Residues from Fast Pyrolysis of Cellulose in a Wire-Mesh Reactor

“…To reveal the biomass pyrolysis mechanism, researchers have dedicated much effort to studying cellulose pyrolysis (Patwardhan et al 2009;Shen and Gu 2009;Lédé 2012;Lin et al 2012;Şerbănescu 2014;Westerhof et al 2016). Researchers have reached a consensus that cellulose first passes through a watersoluble, liquid-phase intermediate before further formation of more volatile compounds (Diebold 1980;Di Blasi 1996;Boutin et al 1998;Liu et al 2008;Dauenhauer et al 2009;Lédé 2012). Within the liquid phase, many complicated chemical reactions take place, such as depolymerization and dehydration (Mamleev et al 2009;Teixeira et al 2011).…”