Numerous factors, including exposure to harmful substances, drinking too much alcohol,
contracting certain hepatitis serotypes, and using specific medicines, contribute to the development
of liver illnesses. Lipid peroxidation and other forms of oxidative stress are the main mechanisms by
which hepatotoxic substances harm liver cells. Pathological changes in the liver include a rise in the
levels of blood serum, a decrease in antioxidant enzymes, as well as the formation of free radical
radicals. It is necessary to find pharmaceutical alternatives to treat liver diseases to increase their
efficacy and decrease their toxicity. For the development of new therapeutic medications, a greater
knowledge of primary mechanisms is required. In order to mimic human liver diseases, animal models are developed. Animal models have been used for several decades to study the pathogenesis of
liver disorders and related toxicities. For many years, animal models have been utilized to investigate
the pathophysiology of liver illness and associated toxicity. The animal models are created to imitate
human hepatic disorders. This review enlisted numerous hepatic damage in vitro and in vivo models
using various toxicants, their probable biochemical pathways and numerous metabolic pathways via
oxidative stressors, different serum biomarkers enzymes are discussed, which will help to identify
the most accurate and suitable model to test any plant preparations to check and evaluate their hepatoprotective properties.