Radiation-Associated Lung Cancer: A Comparison of the Histology of Lung Cancers in Uranium Miners and Survivors of the Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Land, Charles E.; Shimosato, Yukío; Saccomanno, Geno; Tokuoka, Shoji; Auerbach, Oscar; Tateishi, Ryuhei; Greenberg, S. Donald; Nambu, Shigeru; Carter, Darryl; Akiba, Suminori; Keehn, Robert J.; Madigan, Patricia; Mason, Thomas J.; Tokunaga, Masayoshi

doi:10.2307/3578464

Cited by 47 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A similar result was reported in a Chinese study among tin miners, 22 as well as in Japanese uranium miners and atomic bomb survivors. 28 In comparison with the average exposure to radon progeny (around 500 WLM) of the miners enrolled by Kreuzer et al 1 during 1991-1995, the exposure level of our study group was higher (around 800 WLM). Kreuzer et al 1 used the 25% percentile and 75% percentile of the WLM distribution for defining low exposure (Ͻ 43 WLM) and high exposure (Ն 900 WLM).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Role of exposure to radon and silicosis on the cell type of lung carcinoma in German uranium miners

Taeger

Fritsch

Wiethege

et al. 2006

Cancer

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BACKGROUNDIn East Germany, uranium mining was undertaken on a large scale from 1946 to 1990. Poor working conditions led to a high level of exposure to ionizing radiation and quartz dust. This analysis evaluates the histopathology of lung carcinoma in uranium miners in relation to radon exposure and silicosis.METHODSA database developed for autopsy cases ascertained in a pathological tissue repository of German uranium miners was used to estimate odds ratios for developing lung carcinoma by major cell type with regard to radon exposure and silicosis. Silicosis information was extracted from autopsy protocols. Working level months (WLM) were calculated with a job‐exposure matrix to assess lifetime radon exposure. Risk estimates were based on 3414 male miners who died from small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC, n = 1446), squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC, n = 1006), or adenocarcinoma (AC, n = 962) between 1957 and 1990.RESULTSSCLC and SqCC seem more likely to be associated with high radon exposure than AC. Mean cumulative radon exposure was 868 (SD 631) WLM in SCLC, 871 (SD 652) WLM in SqCC, and 743 (SD 598) WLM in AC. Silicosis prevalence was 26% in SCLC, 38% in SqCC, and 30% in AC. In silicotics, AC and SqCC had a relatively higher frequency at the expense of SCLC. SCLC occurred earlier than AC and SqCC.CONCLUSIONHigh radon exposure was associated with a higher relative frequency of SCLC and SqCC than AC. Silicosis tended to increase the appearance of SqCC and AC. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Role of exposure to radon and silicosis on the cell type of lung carcinoma in German uranium miners

Taeger

Fritsch

Wiethege

et al. 2006

Cancer

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“…However, it has been reported that a rectal SCC developed several years after pelvic radiation therapy, 56 and small cell lung cancer was the most frequent subtype of lung cancer among Japanese atomic bomb survivors. 57 It is worth noting that no previous history of well-differentiated NEC that turned into a poorly differentiated cancer, suggestive of a dedifferentiation process, was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary and extrapulmonary poorly differentiated large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas

Faggiano

Sabourin

Ducreux

et al. 2007

Cancer

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BACKGROUND.Poorly differentiated large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNEC) comprise a rare and still scarcely known subgroup of neuroendocrine tumors. The objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiology, clinical presentation, prognostic factors, and molecular pathways of patients with poorly differentiated LCNEC.METHODS.Forty‐one patients who had a confirmed diagnosis of poorly differentiated LCNEC according to the criteria of the most recent World Health Organization classification of neuroendocrine tumors of the lung entered the study. The clinicopathologic features of patients with poorly differentiated LCNEC were reviewed, prognostic parameters for their survival were studied, and the prognostic roles of the proteins involved in cell cycle regulation were investigated with tissue array analysis in a subset of patients with LCNEC.RESULTS.Twenty‐four men and 17 women with a median age of 63 years (age range, 26–81 years) who had LCNEC were studied. LCNEC developed after therapy for a first cancer in 14% of patients. Neither a personal or familial history of endocrine tumors nor a primary association that was compatible with an inherited syndrome was observed. The increase of at least 1 serum biologic marker was observed in 93% of patients. A primary tumor was identified in only 63% patients. Thirty‐one patients had distant metastases, and 10 patients had only lymph node metastases at the time of the diagnosis. The 5‐year survival rate was 24%. High mitotic count, low expression of neuroendocrine markers, and a Bcl‐2/Bax ratio > 1 were unfavorable prognostic factors for survival (P < .01). All patients who had isolated peripheral lymph node LCNEC achieved a cure.CONCLUSIONS.The results from this study highlighted distinctive clinical features and prognostic indicators of poorly differentiated LCNEC. Peripheral isolated lymph node clinical presentation is proposed as a new clinical entity. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.

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“…Dans le cas des bombes atomiques, la population a été irradiée par les rayons y e t les neutrons ; l'irradiation a été de très courte durée, externe, uniformément répartie sur l'ensemble de l'appareil respiratoire. Au contraire, dans le cas du radon, l'irradiation est de type a, de longue durée, interne, localisée (Land et al, 1993 ;Shigematsu et al, 1995). Les études épidémiologiques pourront bientôt profiter des travaux de Lubin et al, qui sont en cours d'évaluation, et qui portent sur 68000 mineurs et 2700 cancers (les analyses du BEIR IV avaient porté sur un échantillon nettement plus petit, comprenant 22 190 mineurs et 360 cancers ; Lubin, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Estimation et gestion du risque de cancer broncho-pulmonaire engendré par les produits de filiation du radon

Romerio

Donath

1997

Radioprotection

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RÉSUMÉLe radon est un gaz radioactif dégagé par les sols et les matériaux contenant du radium. Une fois inhalé,il se dépose dans l'appareil respiratoire, où ses produits ABSTRACTEstimation and management of risk for lung cancer induced by radon progeny. Radon is a radioactive gas released from soils and materials containing radium. Onceinhaled in the respiratory tract,iîs decay products irradiate the tissues and provoke a risk of cancer. The estimation of this risk is carried out through an epidemiologic or a dosimetric approach. The former uses data on the mortality of miners Who were exposed to radon. Then the results are extrapolated to the general population. More recently, some studies tried to estimate the risk directly on the general population. The latter approach tries to compute the rate of conversion between the radon concentration in the indoor environment and the dose absorbed by the respiratory tract. The risk of cancer is estimated through a coefficient which has been inferred from studies on the Hiroshima and Nagasaki survivors. The risk management requires the definition of general principles and of a set of recommendations. In the past, the ICRP stated that risks provoked by natural sources of irradiation should not be taken into consideration. Since 1984, it has changed its mind and limits of acceptability are essential in the field of risk management. Obviously, it is a problem which has a transàisciplinary character and which rises the question of the relationship beîween science and society.

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Radiation-Associated Lung Cancer: A Comparison of the Histology of Lung Cancers in Uranium Miners and Survivors of the Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Cited by 47 publications

References 12 publications

Role of exposure to radon and silicosis on the cell type of lung carcinoma in German uranium miners

Role of exposure to radon and silicosis on the cell type of lung carcinoma in German uranium miners

Pulmonary and extrapulmonary poorly differentiated large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas

Estimation et gestion du risque de cancer broncho-pulmonaire engendré par les produits de filiation du radon

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