“…The paradigms employed in these distributions are the free electron gas (Lindhard & Winther, 1964;Ziegler et al, 2008) and the binary collision models (Katz & Kobetich, 1969;Kraft et al, 1992), respectively. In the Chatterjee type distribution (Chatterjee & Schaefer, 1976;Magee & Chatterjee, 1980) where the free electron gas model is employed, the electric field due to the induced polarization produces plasma oscillation that enhances the radial dose. However, in this model, the ionization energy of a molecule in the target is ignored.…”