“…The F-center diameter of a track created under linear energy transfer (LET) of 24 keV nm À1 , for example, is~60 nm Trautmann, Schwartz, Costantini et al, 1998;. As indicated by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) patterns, the track core is a continuous $3 nmwide region of modified density Trautmann, Schwartz, Costantini et al, 1998;. The track exhibits highly enhanced chemical reactivity (Young, 1958;, particularly along its core (Abu Saleh & Eyal, 2003), which is an important technological property.…”