Radiation dose estimates for radiopharmaceuticals

Abstract

T a b l e s of r a d i a t i o n dose e s t i m a t e s based on t h e Cristy-Eckerman a d u l t male phantom are provided for a number of radiopharmaceuticals commonly used i n n u c l e a r medicine. Radiation dose e s t i m a t e s are l i s t e d for a l l major source organs, and s e v e r a l o t h e r organs of i n t e r e s t . The dose estimates were c a l c u l a t e d using t h e MIRD Technique as implemented i n t h e MIRDOSE3 computer code, developed by t h e Oak Ridge I n s t i t u t e f o r Science and Education, Radiation I n t e r n a l Dose Information Center.I n t h i s code, r e s i d e n c e t i m e s f o r source organs are used w i t h decay data from t h e MIRD Radionuclide D a t a and Decay Schemes t o produce e s t i m a t e s of r a d i a t i o n dose t o organs of standardized phantoms r e p r e s e n t i n g i n d i v i d u a l 6 of d i f f e r e n t ages.The a d u l t male phantom of t h e Cristy-Eckerman phantom series is d i f f e r e n t f r o m t h e U R D 5, or "Reference Man" phantom (Snyder et al. 1969) i n s e v e r a l a s p e c t s , t h e most important of which i s t h e d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e masses and absorbed f r a c t i o n s f o r t h e a c t i v e (red) marrow.The absorbed f r a c t i o n s f o r low energy photons s t r i k i n g t h e marrow are also d i f f e r e n t . Other minor d i f f e r e n c e s e x i s t , but are not l i k e l y t o s i g n i f i c a n t l y a f f e c t dose estimates c a l c u l a t e d with t h e t w o phantoms.Assumptions which support each of t h e dose estimates appears a t t h e bottom of t h e table of e s t i m a t e s f o r a given radiopharmaceutical.I n most cases, t h e model k i n e t i c s or organ r e s i d e n c e times are e x p l i c i t l y given.The r e s u l t s p r e s e n t e d h e r e can e a s i l y be extended t o i n c l u d e o t h e r radiopharmaceuticals o r phantoms.-%-

Radiopharmaceuticals for Nuclear Cardiology: Radiation Dosimetry, Uncertainties, and Risk

“…The ICRP Task Group believes that the data of Thomas et al (7) are sound and intends to revise the ICRP dose estimates in a future publication. The dose estimates for 201 Tl in the dosimetry compendium published by RIDIC (8) were based on the data of Krahwinkel et al (2) and Thomas et al (7) for doses to the testes (obtained before publication) and on the assumption of radiocontaminant levels similar to those in the study of Thomas et al; therefore, they agreed well with the dose estimates of Thomas et al Table 1 shows the dosimetry proposed by the 3 groups. Table 2 shows the contributions of the radiocontaminants to the total dose, calculated from the data of Thomas et al (7).…”

Biodistribution and Radiation Dosimetry of the Integrin Marker 18F-RGD-K5 Determined from Whole-Body PET/CT in Monkeys and Humans

“…The absorbed doses in urinary bladder, liver, and kidneys were higher for 18 F-RGD-K5 than for 18 F-FDG. A large fraction of 18 F-RGD-K5 (;44% in 2.5 h) and 18 F-HX4 (;45% in 3.5 h) was excreted through the urinary system, Table 6 compares WB radiation dose and effective dose from 18 F-RGD-K5 with doses from a few 18 F-based radiopharmaceuticals (14,16,17). As shown in these tables, the radiation dose from 18 F-RGD-K5 is comparable to that from other 18 F-based imaging agents.…”

Evaluation of the radiation dose exposure and associated cancer risks in patients having preoperative parathyroid localization

“…The patient-effective and organ-absorbed radiation doses for the sestamibi scans were derived from the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission NUREG/CR-6345 publication. 14 This document contains radiation dose estimates for a number of radiopharmaceuticals commonly used in nuclear medicine. Dose estimates are calculated using the Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) technique.…”