Radiation effects on solids, including catalysts

Taylor, Ellison H.

doi:10.1021/ed036p396

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…(3) Propane and n-butane may be formed by association of CHS and C2H5, respectively, with C2H6 being formed by secondary reaction of H with C2H4. (4) Aliene and propyne are formed hy the primary process c-CaHe C3H4 + H2 (16) (5) The butenes and methylcyclopropanes are formed by isomerization and collisional stabilizations, respectively, of the excited methylcyclopropane formed in reaction 14.!5…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vacuum Ultraviolet Photochemistry. Vi. Photolysis of Cyclopropane With the Xenon Resonance Lines

Currie¹,

Okabe²,

McNesby³

1963

J. Phys. Chem.

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The photolysis of cyclopropane has been carried out at 1470 A, at room temperature. The relative yields of products as well as isotopic analyses of hydrogen, methane, and ethylene resulting from the photolysis of equimolar mixtures of cyclopropane and cyclopropane-de indicate the following primary processes in order of decreasing importance: c-C3Hs -* CH2 + C2H4; c-C3H6 -* H2 + C3H4; c-C3H6 -* + C3H3. Atomic hydrogen probably forms molecular hydrogen by wall recombination. It is suggested that methane and ethane are formed from the methyl radical produced in the reaction: CH2 + c-C3H6 -*• c-C3HsCH3* -> CH3 + C3Ht. The mechanisms of formation of other products are discussed briefly.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( of cyclopropane has been investigated recently. 5 It was concluded that the main primary process at room temperature is the formation of an excited triplet state rather than C-H bond rupture.…”

Section: Yol 67mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vacuum Ultraviolet Photochemistry. Vi. Photolysis of Cyclopropane With the Xenon Resonance Lines

Currie¹,

Okabe²,

McNesby³

1963

J. Phys. Chem.

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“…Finally, a small peak was always seen at g = 1.965, whether the sample was annealed or not, whether microwave power varied or the Experimental and simulated ESR spectra of the no pre-treated natural temperature dropped to 77 K. After dissolution the annealed sample did not show an ESR signal. Based on the previous results and according to Cunningham [7b] and other researchers [3], we propose that different types of radiolytical products are formed when natural polycrystalline lithium nitrate is propose that paramagnetic NO2 and NO3 radicals, and paramagnetic NO:-and NO;-complex ionic radicals are formed by the radiation effects on the lithium nitrate matrix. The paramagnetic species and NO:-ions are mainly produced by gamma rays (also present in the SIFCA position of the nuclear reactor by 80%).…”

Section: Glass Of the Annealed Sample Of The Gamma Irradiated Lin03mentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Some of these defects are products of radiation interaction, and others, already present, markedly affect the course of events both during and after irradiation. Colour centres are formed in some irradiated ionic crystals normally by trapped electrons in the negative ion vacancies [2,3]. Indeed, colour centres do not necessarily originate from trapped electrons, since they are also found in samples in which these latter are not present [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiolysis influence on the tritium content in irradiated lithium nitrate for fluorine-18 production using a nuclear reactor

Ramı́rez

Iturbeg

Ordóñez-Regil

et al. 1998

Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids

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Natural non pre-treated polycrystalline lithium nitrate suffered radiolysis by cobalt gamma-rays, 2.65 and 3.37 MeV protons, P-particles from 'H and nuclear reactor irradiation at room temperature. The sample irradiated in the nuclear reactor was a deep reddish-orange, and contrary to what was expected, this colour was stable, disappearing only after annealing or dissolution. These colour centres, seemingly F2 centres, are produced by neutrons, tritons and alfa-particles and are diamagnetic since the paramagnetic Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) signal centred at 2.009 did not change after annealing. This study suggests that radiolytical products might be NO2, NO3, NO:-, NO:-radicals and NO:-. The high content of tritium in the lithium nitrate irradiated in the nuclear reactor is promoted by these radicals and defects which act as trapping centres for tritons.

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“…In a discussion of our concepts of elementary processes, this paper returns fittingly to where it started--to mention of gases and the specific role of ions as emphasized first by Lind (1) and as modified, forgotten, and repeatedly reemphasized throughout the recent history of radiation chemistry by Eyring, Hirschfelder, and Taylor (6) and by others. This is the subject-matter of 3 Considerations of such latter processes arc specific for a certain class of phenomena usually encompassed in solid-state physics and are included in the subject matter of the review by Taylor (39) elsewhere in this symposium.…”

Section: Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of current concepts of elementary processes in radiation chemistry

Burton¹

1959

J. Chem. Educ.

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Processes in Radiation ChemistryA chemical equation relates only the stoichiometry of a process. For understanding of the reaction, of its rate, of its dependence on various concentration and environmental conditions, knowledge of its mechanism is desirable. The individual steps in that mechanism arc called the elementary processes. However, a true description of an elementary process involves writing something more than a simple reaction, and the details often elude discovery and invite speculation and experimental test over many years.The elementary processes which most invite our attention are those which appear susceptible to detailed theoretical treatment and experimental test. In the present stage of our endeavors, we are limited to mathematical approximations in very simple cases and to qualitative extensions, by analogy, to more complicated systems. A favorite tool of the theorist is a system made of protons, deuterons, and electrons.

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Radiation effects on solids, including catalysts

Abstract: Examines the physical and chemical effects of high-energy radiation on solids.

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Vacuum Ultraviolet Photochemistry. Vi. Photolysis of Cyclopropane With the Xenon Resonance Lines

Vacuum Ultraviolet Photochemistry. Vi. Photolysis of Cyclopropane With the Xenon Resonance Lines

Radiolysis influence on the tritium content in irradiated lithium nitrate for fluorine-18 production using a nuclear reactor

Development of current concepts of elementary processes in radiation chemistry

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