Radiation induced delayed transverse myelitis and neurological deficit at tertiary care center

Abuzneid, Yousef S.; Al-Janazreh, Hamdi; Haif, Motasem; Idais, Shahd Tahseen; Asakrah, Baraa; Ajwa, Sufana M.; Sarahneh, Shifa; Abdeen, Hani

doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102728

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Поздние миелопатии протекают тяжелее и коррелируют с плохим прогнозом для восстановления функций, клинически проявляясь двигательными и чувствительными нарушениями различной степени выраженности, с возможным развитием синдрома Броун-Секара. Доказанного эффективного лечения миелопатии не существует, хотя некоторые стратегии могут привести к временному и частичному улучшению, например стероидная терапия, гипербарическая оксигенация, антикоагулянты или антиангиогенные средства, нейробиотики, витамины группы В [57,58]. Поскольку метод ЛТ в лечении онкологических заболеваний используется часто в сочетании с иммунотерапией, важно принимать во внимание потенциальный побочный эффект сочетания 2 методов лечения в виде миелопатии и активно применять возможные варианты ее устранения с обязательным привлечением специалистов-неврологов.…”

Section: лучевой миелитunclassified

Radiation injuries of organs and tissues: mechanisms of occurrence, methods of prevention and treatment: A review

Balaeva,

Romanov,

Trofimova

et al. 2024

J. Mod. Onco.

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In modern medicine, radiation therapy (RT) is one of the main therapies for cancer. According to the World Health Organization, about 70% of patients diagnosed with cancer require RT at some stage of treatment. Development and improvement of methods for early diagnosis of cancers, multimodal therapy for cancer patients, including surgical intervention, new drug treatment regimens, modern methods of conformal 3D-RT and proton therapy significantly improved the treatment outcomes of patients and increased their life expectancy. Modern RT is a high-tech chain of sequential use of complex technical devices and mathematical calculations to destroy the tumor without adversely affecting the surrounding normal tissues. Some patients develop radiation injuries to normal organs and tissues that reduce their quality of life. Prevention and treatment of such injuries are urgent problems of modern oncology. The article addresses the pathogenesis and mechanism of the development of systemic and local radiation responses, as well as methods of treatment and prevention of some of them. Three electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane and EMBASE, and Russian radiotherapists' publications, were used for systematic review in the information retrieval process.

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Section: лучевой миелитunclassified

Radiation injuries of organs and tissues: mechanisms of occurrence, methods of prevention and treatment: A review

Balaeva,

Romanov,

Trofimova

et al. 2024

J. Mod. Onco.

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“…However, it should be noted that the patient had recently undergone total body irradiation and his myelitis had therefore been felt to represent radiation induced transverse myelitis. The patient received IVMP with a good partial response followed by plasmapheresis ( 105 ). While the exact mechanism of TKI induced neuroinflammation is currently unclear, it has been proposed that imatinib potentiates antitumoral immune responses by activation of CD8+ T cells and downregulation of T-regulatory cell responses, which may potentially contribute to immune-related effects ( 107 ).…”

Section: Other Drug Classes Associated With Immune-mediated Disorders...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-related immune-mediated myelopathies

Gritsch

Valencia‐Sánchez²

2022

Front. Neurol.

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Iatrogenic immune-mediated inflammatory disorders of the spinal cord are an uncommon but potentially severe complication of drug therapy for several human diseases. Particularly the introduction of novel biological agents in the treatment of systemic inflammatory disorders and cancer immunotherapy have led to a significant increase in immune-related adverse events of the central nervous system (CNS). The use of Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) inhibitors in rheumatic and inflammatory bowel diseases has been associated with demyelinating and other inflammatory CNS conditions, including myelitis. The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of several human malignancies has led to an increase in drug-induced immune-related adverse events including in the CNS. Other drugs that have been associated with immune-mediated myelitis include tyrosine-kinase inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T Cell therapy. A high degree of suspicion is necessary when diagnosing these conditions, as early diagnosis and treatment is crucial in preventing further neurological damage and disability. The treatment of drug-induced inflammatory myelitis typically involves administration of high-dose intravenous corticosteroids, however additional immunosuppressive agents may be required in severe or refractory cases. While most cases are monophasic and remit following discontinuation of the offending agent, chronic immunosuppressive therapy may be indicated in cases with a progressive or relapsing disease course or when a diagnosis of a specific underlying neuro-inflammatory disorder is made. Outcomes are generally favorable, however depend on the specific therapeutic agent used, the clinical presentation and patient factors. In this review we aim to describe the clinical characteristics, imaging findings and management for the most common forms of iatrogenic immune-mediated myelopathies.

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A Machine Learning Prediction Model for Myelitis and Multiple Sclerosis Based on Fourier Transform Features from MRI Images

Yılmaz Acar

2024

Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi

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Myelitis is a neurodegenerative disease positioned in the spinal cord, with multiple sclerosis (MS) being a common subtype. Radiological indicators enable the diagnosis of these diseases. This study proposes a classification framework to detect myelitis, MS, and healthy control (HC) groups using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images. The feature extraction step involves applying the fast Fourier transform (FFT) to MRI images. FFT is important because it converts spatial data into the frequency domain, making it easier to identify patterns and abnormalities that indicate these diseases. Then, statistical features (mean, minimum, maximum, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, and total energy) are extracted from this frequency information. These features are then used to train support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), and decision tree algorithms. In multi-class classification (myelitis vs. MS vs. HC), the proposed method achieves a classification accuracy of 99.31% with SVM, with average precision, recall, and F1-score values of 99.27%, 99.21%, and 99.24%, respectively, indicating effective classification across all classes. In the binary class classification (HC vs. MS, MS vs. myelitis, HC vs. myelitis), the SVM achieves an outstanding classification accuracy of 99.36%, 99.71%, and 100% respectively. This study highlights the efficiency of FFT-based feature extraction in forming detection patterns for classifying HC, MS, and myelitis classes.

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Radiation induced delayed transverse myelitis and neurological deficit at tertiary care center

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Radiation injuries of organs and tissues: mechanisms of occurrence, methods of prevention and treatment: A review

Radiation injuries of organs and tissues: mechanisms of occurrence, methods of prevention and treatment: A review

Drug-related immune-mediated myelopathies

A Machine Learning Prediction Model for Myelitis and Multiple Sclerosis Based on Fourier Transform Features from MRI Images

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