Radiation-induced Stromal Sarcoma of Breast: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Post-irradiation mammary stromal sarcoma (MSS) is a rare condition, and it is worth learning new knowledge from each case. Case Presentation: We present the case report of a 59-year-old female with a medical history of breast cancer, who presented with an axillary mass on the same side. The patient was further evaluated and finally diagnosed with MSS with chondroid differentiation. Thereafter, she underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy to facilitate the surgical resection of the tumor. However, she experienced local progression and lung metastasis during chemotherapy. Conclusions: MSS with chondroid differentiation was resistant to the standard chemotherapy regimens of sarcoma. Radiotherapy is a potential choice in the case of chemoresistant MSS. Further trials may reveal this notion.

Loss of TSC1 in secondary angiosarcoma of the breast

“…Radiation‐induced angiosarcoma of the breast (RIAS) is rare and develops in only 0.2% of patients who undergo breast radiation therapy 1 . The risk of secondary breast sarcoma peaks around 7 years following completion of radiation therapy as seen with our patient 2,3 . Risk factors such as increasing doses of ionizing radiation, lymphedema and breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) or ataxia‐telangiectasia mutations (ATM) increase the risk of RIAS; however, despite our knowledge of these risk factors, we are unable to currently predict which patients will develop RIAS 4 .…”

“… 1 The risk of secondary breast sarcoma peaks around 7 years following completion of radiation therapy as seen with our patient. 2 , 3 Risk factors such as increasing doses of ionizing radiation, lymphedema and breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) or ataxia‐telangiectasia mutations (ATM) increase the risk of RIAS; however, despite our knowledge of these risk factors, we are unable to currently predict which patients will develop RIAS. 4 Radiation‐induced angiosarcoma has a poor prognosis with a 5‐year overall survival of less than 20% due to limited therapeutic options.…”