Radiation retinopathy after external beam irradiation for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A case report and review of the literature

Human CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem Cell–Engrafted NSG Mice: Morphological and Immunophenotypic Features

“…15 Radiation retinopathy in humans encompasses a number of retinal changes following exposure to radiation from any source, typically external beam radiation exposure in patients affected by tumors of the nasopharynx, sinus, or orbita. 3 In animal models, complications of ocular radiation have been reported as rare, most frequently manifesting as cataracts, which also occurred in this study with low prevalence and low severity. 43 The retinal lesions observed in our mouse cohort suggest a perinatal arrest of the retinal development, allowing only the neuroblastic layer and the ganglion cell layer to be identified.…”

“…Thus, the frequency of the respective pathological changes, whose underlying cause is ascribed to GvHD or HLH, is rarely reported. 3 In the present study, 13 mice showed weight reduction or clinical signs and all but one of them exhibited granulomatous inflammation, with more males found to be affected (21%) than females (11%). These data indicate that monitoring of weight loss and clinical signs can identify the majority of mice with these specific pathological changes.…”

“…All three are well-known complications of radiation exposure in humans. 3,12 Radiation nephropathy has also been described in different preclinical species including mice. 12 In both humans and laboratory animals it represents a late-onset, adverse event following external beam irradiation or radionuclide therapy, characterized by concurrent injury to glomerular and tubular compartments.…”

Bilateral radiation retinopathy 17 years following radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A diagnostic and therapeutic challenge during COVID-19 lockdown

“…[ 5 ] The threshold of radiation has been reported to be 35Gy with a daily fraction of 1.8–2G y in most literature. [ 6 ]…”