We analyse the sensitivity of all experimentally observable asymmetries and energy distributions for the neutron β − -decay with a polarized neutron and unpolarised decay proton and electron and the lifetime of the neutron to contributions of order 10 −4 of interactions beyond the Standard model (SM). Since the asymmetries and energy distributions are expressed in terms of the correlation coefficients of the neutron β − -decay, in order to obtain a theoretical background for the analysis of contributions beyond the SM we revise the calculation of the correlation coefficients within the SM. We take into account a complete set of contributions, induced to next-to-leading order in the large proton mass expansion by the "weak magnetism" and the proton recoil, and the radiative corrections of order (α/π), calculated to leading order in the large proton mass expansion. We confirm the results, obtained in literature. The contributions of interactions beyond the SM we analyse in the linear approximation with respect to the Herczeg phenomenological coupling constants, introduced at the hadronic level. Such an approximation is good enough for the analysis of contributions of order 10 −4 of interactions beyond the SM. We show that in such an approximation the correlation coefficients depend only on the axial coupling constant, which absorbs the contributions of the Herczeg left-left and left-right lepton-nucleon current-current interactions (vector and axial-vector interactions beyond the SM), and the Herczeg scalar and tensor coupling constants. In the lifetime of the neutron in addition to the axial coupling constant the contributions of the Herczeg left-left and left-right lepton-nucleon current-current interactions (vector and axial-vector interactions beyond the SM) are absorbed by the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix element.