Surface
plasmons supported by metallic nanostructures interact strongly with
light and confine it into subwavelength volumes, thus forcing the
corresponding electric field to vary within nanoscale distances. This
results in exceedingly large field gradients that can be exploited
to enhance the quadrupolar transitions of quantum emitters located
in the vicinity of the nanostructure. Graphene nanostructures are
ideally suited for this task, since their plasmons can confine light
into substantially smaller volumes than equivalent excitations sustained
by conventional plasmonic nanostructures. Furthermore, in addition
to their geometric tunability, graphene plasmons can also be efficiently
tuned by controlling the doping level of the nanostructure, which
can be accomplished either chemically or electrostatically. Here,
we provide a detailed investigation of the enhancement of the field
gradient in the vicinity of different graphene nanostructures. Using
rigorous solutions of Maxwell’s equations, as well as an analytic
electrostatic approach, we analyze how this quantity is affected by
the size, shape, doping level, and quality of the nanostructure. We
investigate, as well, the performance of arrays of nanoribbons, which
constitute a suitable platform for the experimental verification of
our predictions. The results of this work bring new possibilities
to enhance and control quadrupolar transitions of quantum emitters,
which can find application in the detection of relevant chemical species,
as well as in the design of novel light-emitting devices.