Radical grafting from carbon fiber surface: graft polymerization of vinyl monomers initiated by azo groups introduced onto the surface

Fujiki, Kazuhiro; Motoji, Nobuo; Yoshida, Akira

doi:10.1163/156855496x00038

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In addition, it has been reported that the cationic polymerizations of N ‐vinylcarbazole and N ‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone are initiated by surface carboxyl groups on carbon fiber to give the corresponding polymer‐grafted carbon fiber 10, 11. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the radical graft polymerization of vinyl monomers is initiated from azo groups fixed onto the carbon‐fiber surface 12. More recently, we have pointed out that the radical graft polymerization of vinyl monomers is initiated by a system consisting of trichloroacetyl groups fixed on the surface with Mo(CO) 6 13…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…In the coexistence of AlCl 3 and aluminum powder, poly(VFE‐ co ‐MMA) was successfully grafted onto the carbon‐fiber surface, and the percentage of grafting reached 27.6% after 24 h at 80 °C. The percentage of grafting was much higher than that obtained from the radical graft polymerization initiated by azo groups on the surface12 as well as by the system consisting of carbon fiber having trichlroacetyl groups and Mo(CO) 6 13…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

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Grafting of polymers onto a carbon‐fiber surface by ligand‐exchange reaction of poly(vinyl ferrocene‐co‐vinyl monomer) with polycondensed aromatic rings of the surface

Tsubokawa¹,

Abe²,

Wei³

et al. 2002

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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To improve the surface of carbon fiber, the grafting reaction of copolymer containing vinyl ferrocene (VFE) onto a carbon-fiber surface by a ligand-exchange reaction between ferrocene moieties of the copolymer and polycondensed aromatic rings of carbon fiber was investigated. The copolymer containing VFE was prepared by the radical copolymerization of VFE with vinyl monomers, such as methyl methacrylate (MMA) and styrene, using 2,2Ј-azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator. By heating the carbon fiber with poly(VFE-co-MMA) (number-average molecular weight: 2.1 ϫ 10 4 ) in the presence of aluminum chloride and aluminum powder, the copolymer was grafted onto the surface. The percentage of grafting reached 46.1%. On the contrary, in the absence of aluminum chloride, no grafting of the copolymer was observed. Therefore, it is considered that the copolymer was grafted onto the carbon-fiber surface by a ligandexchange reaction between ferrocene moieties of the copolymer and polycondensed aromatic rings of carbon fiber. The molar number of grafted polymer chain on the carbon-fiber surface decreased with increasing molecular weight of poly(VFE-co-MMA) because the steric hindrance of grafted copolymer on the carbon-fiber surface increases with increasing molecular weight of poly(VFE-co-MMA).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Grafting of polymers onto a carbon‐fiber surface by ligand‐exchange reaction of poly(vinyl ferrocene‐co‐vinyl monomer) with polycondensed aromatic rings of the surface

Tsubokawa¹,

Abe²,

Wei³

et al. 2002

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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“…We have reported the radical grafting of polymers onto carbon materials, such as carbon black and carbon fiber surface, initiated by various initiating groups previously introduced onto the surface. [13][14][15][16] More recently, we have succeeded in the grafting by ligandexchange reaction of ferrocene containing polymers with aromatic rings of carbon fiber 17,18 and by direct -ray irradiation of polymer-adsorbed carbon black and VGCF. 19,20 In this paper, we investigated the grafting of polyesters onto VGCF surface by the anionic ring-opening y To whom correspondence should be addressed (E-mail: ntsuboka@eng.niigata-u.ac.jp).…”

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confidence: 99%

Surface Grafting of Polyesters onto Carbon Nanofibers and Electric Properties of Conductive Composites Prepared from Polyester-grafted Carbon Nanofibers

Wei

Fujiki

Shinmoto

et al. 2004

Polym J

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The grafting of polyesters onto carbon naonfiber, such as vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF) and high density VGCF (HDVGCF), by the anionic ring-opening alternating copolymerization of epoxides with cyclic acid anhydrides initiated by potassium carboxylate (COOK) groups previously introduced onto these surfaces was investigated. The introduction of COOK groups onto these carbon nanofiber surfaces was successfully achieved by the neutralization of carboxyl groups with KOH. Carboxyl groups were introduced onto these surfaces by oxidation of these nanofibers with nitric acid and mixture of nitric acid with sulfuric acid. It was found that the anionic ring-opening alternating copolymerization of epoxides with cyclic acid anhydrides was successfully initiated by COOK groups on the surface to give the corresponding polyester-grafted carbon nanofiber. The dispersibility of carbon nanofiber in THF was remarkably improved by the grafting of polyesters onto the surface. The electric resistance of composite prepared from the polyester-grafted carbon nanofiber and poly(ethylene glycol) suddenly increased in methanol vapor over 10 3 times, and returned to initial resistance when it was transferred into dry air. These results indicate that the composite can be used as a novel gas sensor.KEY WORDS Carbon Nanofiber / Surface Grafting / Polyester / Anionic Ring-opening Copolymerization / Conductive Composite / Gas Sensor /

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“…In a series of our papers, we reported the grafting of various polymers onto inorganic fiber surfaces by the polymerization of monomers initiated by initiating groups introduced onto the surface. For instance, we have achieved the anionic [6,7], cationic [8-iso], and radical [11] graft polymerization of various monomers initiated by potassium carboxylate, acylium perchlorate, and azo groups introduced onto inorganic fibers, respectively. In these graft polymerizations, the corresponding polymers are effectively grafted onto the surface, because the grafted polymers are propagated from the fiber surface.…”

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confidence: 99%

Grafting of polymers with controlled molecular weight onto inorganic fiber surface by termination of living polymer cation with amino group on the surface

Yoshikawa

Tsubokawa

Fujiki³

et al. 1998

Composite Interfaces

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Radical grafting from carbon fiber surface: graft polymerization of vinyl monomers initiated by azo groups introduced onto the surface

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Grafting of polymers onto a carbon‐fiber surface by ligand‐exchange reaction of poly(vinyl ferrocene‐co‐vinyl monomer) with polycondensed aromatic rings of the surface

Grafting of polymers onto a carbon‐fiber surface by ligand‐exchange reaction of poly(vinyl ferrocene‐co‐vinyl monomer) with polycondensed aromatic rings of the surface

Surface Grafting of Polyesters onto Carbon Nanofibers and Electric Properties of Conductive Composites Prepared from Polyester-grafted Carbon Nanofibers

Grafting of polymers with controlled molecular weight onto inorganic fiber surface by termination of living polymer cation with amino group on the surface

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