Radical scavenging activity of lipids from seaweeds isolated by solid-liquid extraction and supercritical fluids

Abstract

In vitro antioxidant activities of the lipid fractions from two selected seaweeds, Solieria chordalis and Sargassum muticum were investigated according to the extraction methods. The activity of neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids, thanks to extraction by chloroform/methanol (1/1 v/v; CM) mixture, pure supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2), supercritical carbon dioxide with 2% of ethanol (sc-CO2 + EtOH 2%) and supercritical carbon dioxide with 8% of ethanol as co-solvent (sc-CO2 + EtOH 8%), were studied using DPPH radical scavenging assays. All the lipid classes demonstrated a free radical scavenging activity at the concentration of 1 mg/ml. The best scavenging activity (86.6 ± 5.7%) was obtained when the neutral lipid fraction was extracted from S. chordalis with a CM mixture. The neutral lipid fraction extracted with sc-CO2 showed a lower activity than those obtained with solvents. However, the addition of ethanol in sc-CO2 did not affect the antioxidant activity of neutral lipids fixed at around 16% of radical scavenging. For S. muticum, the activity of glycolipids (50.9 ± 0.8%) and phospholipids (48.4 ± 1.6%) obtained with sc-CO2 were twice as large as that of fractions obtained with CM, 29.6 ± 3.4% and 28.0 ± 4.2%, respectively. The activity of neutral lipids did not change with the extraction method with around 25% of radical scavenging. This is the first report of free radical scavenging activity of lipid classes obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction from seaweeds.

An Analysis of the Nutritional and Health Values of Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskål) and Ulva fasciata (Delile)—Two Chlorophyta Collected from the Philippines

“…Macroalgae typically do not exceed 2-4.5% of dw as lipids, mainly as phospholipids and glycolipids [18,54,55]. The lipid content of Caulerpa and Ulva species can be high (0.1-7.2% and 0.1-14.2% of dw, respectively), with a high content of PUFAs considered essential nutritional components in humans and animals.…”

“…The radical scavenging activity of antioxidant 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was determined according to Terme et al [55]. Solutions of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) at different concentrations ranging from 1 to 20 µg/mL in methanol (final concentration) were tested as a positive control.…”

Unraveling the Lipidome and Antioxidant Activity of Native Bifurcaria bifurcata and Invasive Sargassum muticum Seaweeds: A Lipid Perspective on How Systemic Intrusion May Present an Opportunity

“…Antioxidant effects are among the most searched bioactivities for natural products, including lipids [ 30 , 31 ]. Natural antioxidant products, with radical scavenging activity and capacity to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) protect cells from ROS-induced cellular damage [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ], thereby reducing the risk of diseases associated with oxidative stress [ 34 , 35 ]. Seaweed antioxidants are sustainable alternatives to synthetic antioxidants, in line with consumer preference towards natural substances, and can be use as functional ingredients in food or in cosmetics products [ 25 ].…”

“…Particularly, B. bifurcata dichloromethane extract, mainly composed of diterpenes, fatty acids (FA), and sterols, showed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities [ 24 ] and provided interesting information for the further exploitation of this seaweed. Moreover, active components of the ethyl acetate, ethanol, and methanol extracts of S. serratifolium showed radical scavenging activities [ 31 ], while chloroform/methanol (1/1, v/v ) polar lipids rich extract from S. muticum demonstrated radical scavenging activity [ 33 ]. Lipid extracts from brown algae containing glycolipids (GL) showed the capacity to suppress ROS in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages [ 36 ], that were positively correlated with the oxidative stability of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n -3) and stearidonic acid (18:4 n -3) PUFA in their GL forms, which encouraged further studies in seaweed polar lipids as source functional lipids.…”

Lipids, a natural raw material at the heart of cosmetics innovation

“…In this dossier, you will find some of the topics covered throughout this congress through the following articles of the speakers: relations between the sensory properties and fat ingredients of lipsticks (de Clermont-Gallerande et al, 2018); augmented bio-based lipids for cosmetics (Duprat-de-Paule et al, 2018); tamanu oil and skin active properties: from traditional to modern cosmetic uses (Raharivelomanana et al, 2018); lipids from seaweeds: selective extraction of potential active compounds (Terme et al, 2018); separation and identification of polar polyphenols in oily formulation using high-performance thin-layer chromatography and mass spectroscopy techniques (Fadel et al, 2018); the concept of sphingolipid rheostat in skin: a driving force for new active ingredients in cosmetic applications (Popa, 2018); oily formulations challenge: how to evaluate their beneficial effects in hydrophilic cell-based models? (Olivier et al, 2018); non invasive in vivo methods to measure lipidic formulae efficacy at the skin surface: advantages and limits (Prestat-Marquis, 2018).…”