Radioactive Tracer Study of Start-Up Wear Versus Steady-State Wear in a 2.3 Liter Engine

Perrin, Keith; Pandosh, John; Searle, Anne; Shaub, Hal; Sprague, Stan

doi:10.4271/952474

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…Subsurface plastic deformation is inherently connected to the tribological behavior of many metallic tribological systems in all wear regimes-it has been observed in ultra-low wear regimes with wear coefficients of 10 −10 mm 3 /(N m) [1][2][3][4][5], in lubricated systems in mild wear regimes [6,7], and in dry sliding systems [8][9][10]. Subsurface plastic deformation is also visible in severe wear regimes with wear coefficients of 70 mm 3 /(N m).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsurface Microstructural Evolution during Scratch Testing on Bcc Iron

Linsler

Ruebeling

Greiner

2021

Metals

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Subsurface microstructures influence the friction and wear behavior of metallic tribological systems, among other factors. To gain a basic understanding of the microstructural changes occurring during sliding processes, face-centered cubic model systems, for example a copper system with a sapphire sphere sliding against it, were previously characterized. Such systems showed the evolution of the dislocation self-organization phenomenon called the dislocation trace line. To test the occurrence of this dislocation arrangement in bcc metals, in this study a ruby ball was slid against electropolished bcc iron under an increasing normal load. The wear track topography and subsurface microstructure were characterized using white light interferometry and scanning transmission electron microscopy. The analysis suggested that at least for bcc iron, the evolution of a dislocation trace line is connected with the onset of pronounced plastic deformation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsurface Microstructural Evolution during Scratch Testing on Bcc Iron

Linsler

Ruebeling

Greiner

2021

Metals

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New field and engine test data to demonstrate the wear protection benefits of a unique boundary chemistry (UBC)

et al. 1999

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The wear protection performance of unique boundary chemistry (UBC), both while in the engine and after removal, was tested with reference to commercial API SG, API SH/ILSAC GF‐1, and API SJ/ILSAC GF‐2 quality oils in two 80,450 km field tests, in modified and standard sequence tests, and in radiotracer engine studies. The radiotracer tests of UBC added to an API SJ/ILSAC GF‐2 quality oil replicated previously published results of wear reductions achieved in a comparison of an API SH/ILSAC GF‐1 oil with and without UBC. In extended Sequence IIIE runs, two engines, each lubricated with the same API SH/ILSAC GF‐1 oil, were unable to complete the tests as a result of excessive oil consumption due to hot stuck rings. In contrast, two Sequence IIIE engines lubricated with the same API SH/ILSAC GF‐1 oil treated with UBC completed the extended test without incident, even though the UBC‐treated API SH/ILSAC GF‐1 oil replaced the API SH/ILSAC GF‐1 oil for the first oil drain interval only. A fully formulated SAE 5W–30 oil, which contained a full complement of UBC (20%), met all the requirements of API SH/ILSAC GF‐1 quality and gave very low average and maximum cam and cam plus lifter wear on standard ASTM Sequence VE and IIIE tests. The same API SH/ILSAC GF‐1 oil without UBC gave somewhat higher wear on both tests, but both oils met API SH/ILSAC GF‐1 requirements. Wear metals analysis of a field test of 36 taxicabs, which compared an API SJ/ILSAC GF‐2 quality oil to the same oil treated with UBC for the first drain interval, and also to a UBC‐treated oil at every oil change, showed a reduction in the rate of used oil Fe accumulation for both methods of UBC treatment. This test also revealed a striking impact on Fe levels from Si found in used oil samples during an episode of Si contamination in local gasoline supplies. Finally, in a field test of 10 taxicabs, with parts measured before and after testing, wear reductions were observed in rings and bearings in UBC‐treated cabs compared to those with API SG oil alone.

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Applications of Fluorinated Additives for Lubricants

Ebnesajjad¹,

Morgan²

2019

Fluoropolymer Additives

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Radioactive Tracer Study of Start-Up Wear Versus Steady-State Wear in a 2.3 Liter Engine

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Subsurface Microstructural Evolution during Scratch Testing on Bcc Iron

Subsurface Microstructural Evolution during Scratch Testing on Bcc Iron

New field and engine test data to demonstrate the wear protection benefits of a unique boundary chemistry (UBC)

Applications of Fluorinated Additives for Lubricants

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