Radioactivity in aquatic systems

Smith, Jim T.; Voitsekhovitch, O.; Konoplev, Alexei; Kudelsky, A.V.

doi:10.1007/3-540-28079-0_4

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Jonsson et al (1999) suggested that the decay of 137 Cs in fish has two components, an initial rapid decline as results of deposition on the lake and washoff of catchment deposition that is not absorbed onto catchment soils and a slower long-term process involving leakage from the catchment and recycling of 137 Cs within the lake. This is similar to the two component process of decay in the water phase (Monte, 1995;Smith et al, 2005). There is evidence for such a process in brown trout in Øvre Heimdalsvatn, and since 2002 activity concentrations of 137 Cs have remained more or less constant or even increased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…This has been ascribed to differences in feeding habits, metabolism, excretion and the nonequilibrium in the fish-water system (Elliott et al, 1992;Ugedal et al, 1995;Hadderingh et al, 1997;Smith et al, 2005). In Øvre Heimdalsvatn, there are some differences in feeding habits, habitat and growth rates between trout of different sizes ) that could explain the size effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Long-term trends and variation in 137Cs activity concentrations in brown trout (Salmo trutta) from Øvre Heimdalsvatn, a Norwegian subalpine lake

Brittain

Gjerseth

2010

Hydrobiologia

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The Norwegian mountain lake, Øvre Heimdalsvatn, received major fallout from the Chernobyl accident in the spring of 1986. Activity concentrations of 137 Cs have been monitored annually in the brown trout (Salmo trutta) population of the lake over a 22-year period since 1986. The activity concentrations of 137 Cs in brown trout have declined over the period, although in recent years there has been little or no reduction in activity concentrations. Throughout the period, there has been considerable individual variation in 137 Cs activity concentrations. Within a single year, fish weight was the most significant factor affecting activity concentrations of 137 Cs in individual fish, although sex and ageÁweight were significant explanatory variables. The ''size effect'' was not significant during the initial period after fallout and in some recent years. During the first years after fallout, the ecological halflife of 137 Cs in brown trout was 3-4 years, but during the last decade this has increased significantly and has approached the physical half-life of 30 years for 137 Cs, suggesting a dynamic equilibrium between catchments inputs, possible remobilisation from lake sediments and lake outputs of 137 Cs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Long-term trends and variation in 137Cs activity concentrations in brown trout (Salmo trutta) from Øvre Heimdalsvatn, a Norwegian subalpine lake

Brittain

Gjerseth

2010

Hydrobiologia

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“…After the Chernobyl accident, the time change in riverine 137 Cs concentrations may have multiple phases of the decline in the first 10 years (i.e. early and intermediate phases) . Based on the previous analysis, we separated the monitoring period into first and second periods.…”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport and Redistribution of Radiocesium in Fukushima Fallout through Rivers

Taniguchi

Onda

Smith

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

103

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The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident released the most significant quantity of radiocesium into the environment since Chernobyl, and detailed measurements over the initial 5 years provide new insights into fluvial redistribution of radiocesium. We found that the high initial activity concentration of 137Cs-bearing suspended sediment in rivers was followed by a steep exponential decline (λ1) which extended to approximately 1 year after the accident, while the rate of initial decline in radiocesium activity concentration in water was an order of magnitude higher than rates measured after Chernobyl. Fluvial transport of 137Cs to the ocean from the Abukuma river totaled 12 TBq between June 2011 and August 2015 and almost all this radiocesium (96.5%) was transported in the particulate form. The primary sources of 137Cs were paddy fields, farmland, and urban areas [plaque-forming unit (PFU)], discharging 85% of the exported 137Cs from 38% of the watershed area. After 1 year, activity concentrations were lower and exhibited a more gradual secondary decline (λ2) which was associated with reduced radiocesium losses from PFU areas, while forest areas continue to represent more stable contaminant stores.

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“…Due to the high K d values (i.e., the ratio between suspended and dissolved 137 Cs concentrations) [7][8][9][10][11][12] , high levels of precipitation [13][14][15] , and steep topography 16 , >90% radiocesium was transported in the particulate form in Japanese rivers 7,8,10,17 . This ratio is much higher than in the rivers of Europe following the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (CNPP) accident 5,13 .…”

Section: Background and Summarymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In terrestrial environments, deposited radiocesium exists in particulate and dissolved forms. The former are those adsorbed on soil particles and the latter are dissolved in water as ions 5 . Although a part of the dissolved form existed as a colloidal form, the colloidal form ratio in the dissolved form was low 6 .…”

Section: Background and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dataset on the 6-year radiocesium transport in rivers near Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant

et al. 2020

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Radiocesium released from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) and deposited in the terrestrial environment has been transported to the sea through rivers. To study the long-term effect of riverine transport on the remediation process near the FDNPP, a monitoring project was initiated by the University of Tsukuba. It was commissioned by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission in June 2011, and was taken over by the Fukushima Prefectural Centre for Environmental Creation from April 2015. The activity concentration and monthly flux of radiocesium in a suspended form were measured in the project. This provides valuable measurement data to evaluate the impact of the accidentally released radiocesium on residents and the marine environment. It can also be used as verification data in the development and testing of numerical models to predict future impacts.

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Radioactivity in aquatic systems

Cited by 17 publications

References 77 publications

Long-term trends and variation in 137Cs activity concentrations in brown trout (Salmo trutta) from Øvre Heimdalsvatn, a Norwegian subalpine lake

Long-term trends and variation in 137Cs activity concentrations in brown trout (Salmo trutta) from Øvre Heimdalsvatn, a Norwegian subalpine lake

Transport and Redistribution of Radiocesium in Fukushima Fallout through Rivers

Dataset on the 6-year radiocesium transport in rivers near Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant

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