1995
DOI: 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04454-9
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Radioactivity in Spanish spas

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Cited by 30 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…Higher indoor 222 Rn levels were found in the bathrooms when the tourists were bathing as opposed to other activities, especially at S3, where the 222 Rn level was up to 1100 Bq m À3 during 45 min of bathing with hot spring water. The measured indoor 222 Rn concentrations were lower than published data for other spas, for example the average 222 Rn levels ranged from 850 Bq m À3 to 3300 Bq m À3 in the 222 Rn treatment facilities studied by Lettner et al (1996), and 3560 Bq m À3 e6650 Bq m À3 at the various points in the baths studied by Soto et al (1995). But in our study, when there was spring water bathing, the average increase in air 222 Rn levels detected in the bedroom were 110 AE 40% (20e170%, S1), 300 AE 120% (100e470%, S2), 410 AE 270% (170e830%, S3) and 220 AE 160% (30e500%, S4) higher than the averaged levels when there was no bathing with spring water.…”
Section: Concentrations Of 222 Rncontrasting
confidence: 77%
“…Higher indoor 222 Rn levels were found in the bathrooms when the tourists were bathing as opposed to other activities, especially at S3, where the 222 Rn level was up to 1100 Bq m À3 during 45 min of bathing with hot spring water. The measured indoor 222 Rn concentrations were lower than published data for other spas, for example the average 222 Rn levels ranged from 850 Bq m À3 to 3300 Bq m À3 in the 222 Rn treatment facilities studied by Lettner et al (1996), and 3560 Bq m À3 e6650 Bq m À3 at the various points in the baths studied by Soto et al (1995). But in our study, when there was spring water bathing, the average increase in air 222 Rn levels detected in the bedroom were 110 AE 40% (20e170%, S1), 300 AE 120% (100e470%, S2), 410 AE 270% (170e830%, S3) and 220 AE 160% (30e500%, S4) higher than the averaged levels when there was no bathing with spring water.…”
Section: Concentrations Of 222 Rncontrasting
confidence: 77%
“…Table 2 shows the descriptive statistics of 222 Rn, 210 Pb, 226 Ra, 228 Ra and U nat concentrations in groundwater including all geographical regions together. High radon content in groundwater is reported in the literature (Banks et al, 1998a,b;Camargo, 1974;Cho et al, 2004;Moura˜o, 1992;Przylibski and Zebrowski, 1999;Przylibski et al, 2002;Soto et al, 1995;Vogiannis et al, 2004;Zhuo et al, 2001). In particular, some spas in the GermaneCzech border are well known due to the presence of radon rich springs as the Curie source in Joachimstal with a radon content of 12 kBq L ÿ1 (http://www.wellness-kuren-online.de/tschechien/st.joachimstal/ index.htm).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 84%
“…Considering radon data for spas in Slovenia (Kobal et al, 1979), Hungary (Szerbin, 1996), Germany (Trautmannsheimer et al, 2003), Greece (Vogiannis et al, Radioactivity 83 (2005) 191e198 in press), Poland (Przylibski, 2000), Spain (Soto et al, 1995), Venezuela (Horvath et al, 2000), USA (Nazaroff, 1988) and Taiwan (Sabol et al, 1995), where radon concentrations in thermal water have been from 0.2 to 600 kBq/m 3 , the radon levels in Croatian spas have been rather low.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%