Radiocarbon Age of the Two Creeks Forest Bed, Wisconsin

Broecker, Wallace S.; Farrand, William R.

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1963)74[795:raottc]2.0.co;2

Cited by 98 publications

(59 citation statements)

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“…We have made isotopic and dendrochronologic measurements on material collected from the Two Creeks site. Radiocarbon dating of outside wood of four logs yielded an average age of 11,760 t 100 BP, in good agreement with results of Broecker and Farrand (1963) over 25 years ago. The range of 11,640 ± 160 to 11,900 ± 160 BP suggests a period of forest growth of 200-300 years, consistent with a ring-width chronology established by Kaiser (1987).…”

supporting

confidence: 72%

A New Tree-Ring Width, δ¹³C and ¹⁴C Investigation of the Two Creeks Site

Leavitt¹,

Kalin

1992

Radiocarbon

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ABSTRACT. We have made isotopic and dendrochronologic measurements on material collected from the Two Creeks site. Radiocarbon dating of outside wood of four logs yielded an average age of 11,760 t 100 BP, in good agreement with results of Broecker and Farrand (1963) over 25 years ago. The range of 11,640 ± 160 to 11,900 ± 160 BP suggests a period of forest growth of 200-300 years, consistent with a ring-width chronology established by Kaiser (1987). Ring counting of five specimens gave a range of individual tree ages from 110 to 182 years, and width measurements indicate very low year-to-year variation in ring size. However, preliminary cross-dating of five samples produced a 202-year floating chronology. Stable-carbon isotope chronologies on cellulose from five-year ring groups show S13C scatter among trees typical of that found within modern sites, with some matches of isotopic maxima and minima. Some downward b13C trends may result from physiological response to rising lake levels (and/or cooling temperatures) at the site, which also produced very narrow rings in the outer ca. 50 ± 20 years.

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supporting

confidence: 72%

A New Tree-Ring Width, δ¹³C and ¹⁴C Investigation of the Two Creeks Site

Leavitt¹,

Kalin

1992

Radiocarbon

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“…Unlike many of the slightly older wood deposits occurring in the Upper Midwest which contain mostly conifers, primarily spruce, such as the Two Creeks site (Broecker and Farrand 1963;Leavitt and Kalin 1992), the wood from Lincoln Quarry was all from hardwoods, including Quercus, Fraxinus, Morus, Carya, and Ulmus (Table 1). …”

Section: Wood Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree-Ring Records of Near-Younger Dryas Time in Central North America—Preliminary Results from the Lincoln Quarry Site, Central Illinois, Usa

et al. 2004

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ABSTRACT. The abrupt millennial-scale changes associated with the Younger Dryas (YD) event ("chronozone") near the dawn of the Holocene are at least hemispheric, if not global, in extent. Evidence for the YD cold excursion is abundant in Europe but fairly meager in central North America. We are engaged in an investigation of high-resolution environmental changes in mid-North America over several millennia (about 10,000 to 14,000 BP) during the Late Glacial-Early Holocene transition, including the YD interval. Several sites containing logs or stumps have been identified and we are in the process of initial sampling or re-sampling them for this project. Here, we report on a site in central Illinois containing a deposit of logs initially thought to be of YD age preserved in alluvial sands. The assemblage of wood represents hardwood (angiosperm) trees, and the ring-width characteristics are favorable to developing formal tree-ring chronologies. However, 4 new radiocarbon dates indicate deposition of wood may have taken place over at least 8000 14 C yr (6000-14,000 BP). This complicates the effort to develop a single floating chronology of several hundred years at this site, but it may provide wood from a restricted region over a long period of time from which to develop a sequence of floating chronologies, the timing of deposition and preservation of which could be related to paleoclimatic events and conditions.

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“…For North America, this would include dates on the Two Creeks forest in Minnesota, which defined the terminus of the Pleistocene period in North America and would thus be of significant interest, as well, to Pleistocene geologists (Broecker and Farrand 1963;Leavitt and Kalin 1992). Other early topics addressed by samples measured in Libby's Chicago laboratory included the age of the Adena and Hopewell cultures in the Ohio Valley of eastern North America, the beginnings of New World agriculture in ancient Mesoamerica, and the correlation of the ancient Maya calendar with the Western calendar (Johnson 1965).…”

Section: Willard Libby and New World Archaeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Six Decades of Radiocarbon Dating in New World Archaeology

Taylor

2009

Radiocarbon

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ABSTRACT. Radiocarbon ( 14 C) dating provided New World archaeological research with the first continent-wide common chronometric scale that transcended the mostly relative site-and region-specific chronological sequences that had been assembled during the preceding century of fieldwork. 14 C data continue to play a critical role in establishing a chronometric framework for the 5-century-long debate concerning the timing of the initial peopling of the New World. Other issues where 14 C results have been of particular importance include the origins and development of New World agriculture and determination of the relationship between the Western and Classic Maya long-count calendar. The introduction of a third-generation measurement technology of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) beginning in the late 1970s has provided a means of obtaining analyses on milligram and microgram amounts of carbon permitting more detailed critical approaches to increasing the accuracy of 14 C values on certain sample types-particularly human skeletal materials. It also provided a more effective means of allowing greater dating precision in situations where such data had an important bearing on the validity of inferences about the rates of cultural evolutionary change in New World societies.

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Radiocarbon Age of the Two Creeks Forest Bed, Wisconsin

Cited by 98 publications

References 0 publications

A New Tree-Ring Width, δ¹³C and ¹⁴C Investigation of the Two Creeks Site

A New Tree-Ring Width, δ¹³C and ¹⁴C Investigation of the Two Creeks Site

Tree-Ring Records of Near-Younger Dryas Time in Central North America—Preliminary Results from the Lincoln Quarry Site, Central Illinois, Usa

Six Decades of Radiocarbon Dating in New World Archaeology

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Radiocarbon Age of the Two Creeks Forest Bed, Wisconsin

Cited by 98 publications

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A New Tree-Ring Width, δ13C and 14C Investigation of the Two Creeks Site

A New Tree-Ring Width, δ13C and 14C Investigation of the Two Creeks Site

Tree-Ring Records of Near-Younger Dryas Time in Central North America—Preliminary Results from the Lincoln Quarry Site, Central Illinois, Usa

Six Decades of Radiocarbon Dating in New World Archaeology

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A New Tree-Ring Width, δ¹³C and ¹⁴C Investigation of the Two Creeks Site

A New Tree-Ring Width, δ¹³C and ¹⁴C Investigation of the Two Creeks Site