Radiocarbon dating of soil archives

Plicht, J. van der; Streurman, Harm Jan; Mourik, J.M. van

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64108-3.00003-3

Cited by 2 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…During the past decades multiple concerns were raised (and partly addressed) with the radiocarbon dating of peat (e.g. Törnqvist et al, 1992Törnqvist et al, , 1998Shore et al, 1995;Nilsson et al, 2001;Brock et al, 2011;Van der Plicht et al, 2019). To overcome the majority of concerns with radiocarbon dating of peat samples, AMS dating of terrestrial plant macrofossils is generally advised (e.g.…”

Section: Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Törnqvist et al, 1992). Through chemical pre-treatment, a bulk sample can be split up in fulvic, humic and humin fractions based on their solubility (Brock et al, 2011;Van der Plicht et al, 2019). Due to its mobility, the fulvic fraction is generally not used for dating as it may result in significantly younger ages than the humic or humin fraction from the same level (Shore et al, 1995).…”

Section: Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no clear consensus in literature on whether humic or humin dates are most representative for dating peat layers (see e.g. the contrasting findings by Hammond et al, 1991;Cook et al, 1998;Waller et al, 2006;Brock et al, 2011;Van der Plicht et al, 2019). In addition, virtually no studies focus on basal peat layers while investigating the ages of these organic fractions (with the exception of Brock et al, 2011).…”

Section: Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Developments are also reflected in labcodes, moving from GRO and GrN (conventional measurement) to GrA (AMS) and GrM (AMS-MICADAS). Data registration changed along with these transitions, resulting in three large archives that evolved from hardcopy to semidigital and now fully digital (Van der Plicht, 1992;Van der Plicht and Streurman, 2018). Consequently, data retrieval required both digital querying and hardcopy searching.…”

Section: Case Study: Data Rescue and Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discussion on which samples most accurately indicate the age of peat layers started several decades ago (e.g. Törnqvist et al, 1992Törnqvist et al, , 1998Shore et al, 1995;Nilsson et al, 2001;Brock et al, 2011;Van der Plicht et al, 2019). Various studies have highlighted multiple concerns with the radiocarbon dating of peat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peatland initiation through time and space

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Wetlands are a distinctive landscape type, and can be characterized as areas where the mineral substrate is water-saturated or inundated. Consequently the substrate is poorly aerated, and the period that the water table is near or above the surface is of such duration that the prevalent vegetation and other organisms are adapted to life in water-saturated soil conditions (Charman, 2002c: 4; Joosten and Clarke, 2002: 24; Rydin and Jeglum, 2013c: 2-3). A minimum depth of 30 cm of peat is required to classify a wetland area as a peatland (Charman, 2002c: 4; Joosten and Clarke, 2002: 24; Rydin and Jeglum, 2013c: 4). Peat is organic material that accumulated as a result of a positive production-decay balance. It consists of the (partially) undecomposed remains of plant and animal tissues, which accumulated under more or less water-saturated conditions (Rydin and Jeglum, 2013c: 4). Peatlands comprise 50 -70% of all global wetlands, making them the most prevalent wetland type (Joosten and Clarke, 2002: 6). As peatland terminology is not fully refined and standardized (Joosten and Clarke, 2002: 9), and several terms are used interchangeably (Rydin and Jeglum, 2013c: 13), I have included a glossary with definitions as used in this thesis (Textbox 1.1).Peatlands exist in a diversity of conditions. As a result, they are present on all continents, covering a wide latitudinal range and occurring at altitudes varying from sea level to alpine zones (Joosten and Clarke, 2002: 6; United Nations Environment Programme, 2021). Since the 1800s (and regionally earlier), the extent of peatlands has decreased, with an estimated reduction in their global surface area of 10 to 20% (Joosten and Clarke, 2002: 7). For Europe, the loss in peatland area is much greater. Joosten and Clarke (2002: 32) estimated that over 50% of the European peatland area was lost in the period between 1952 and 1992. For the Netherlands, only 1% of the former peatland area is left today (Joosten and Couwenberg, 2001: 407).Peatlands form natural archives of past environmental changes. Through the preservation of in-situ plant remains, pollen, spores, and animals, and capture of air-and waterborne pollen, spores and other particles, peat deposits contain a record of changes over time that provides information not only about peatland development itself but also about the paleoenvironmental conditions in which these developments took place (Rydin and Jeglum, 2013b: 107). As such, the remains embedded in peat deposits are called the peat archives (Godwin, 1981). In addition, peat deposits contain cultural heritage with a degree of preservation that is unparalleled in dryland environments, including bog bodies, wooden trackways, and a range of other finds (e.g. Glob, 1969;Casparie, 1987;Coles and Lawson, 1987;Van der Sanden, 1996).The information contained in the peat archives is of unprecedented relevance. Key areas of research include (1) understanding of peatland functioning and development (Tuittila et al., 2013; Hilbert et al., 2017), (2) interpretations of al...

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Section: Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%