Radiocarbon evidence for the timing and rate of Island development, beach-rock formation and phosphatization at Lady Elliot Island, Queensland, Australia

Late Holocene island reef development on the inner zone of the northern Great Barrier Reef: insights from Low Isles Reef

“…However, despite the availability of accommodation space, data from Low Isles Reef and other nearby reefs indicate that reef development in the region was delayed another 1500-2500 years. Similar studies of platform reefs of the main reef tract that formed where inter-reef sediments are carbonate-rich are few and largely restricted to the southern limit of the Great Barrier Reef (Marshall & Davies 1982;Chivas et al 1986;Smith et al 1998). Limited radiocarbon data from these studies indicate that the latter reefs are significantly older than Low Isles, having initiated sometime before ca 4200 y BP and reached sea-level between ca 5000 and ca 3200 y BP (Smith et al 1998).…”

“…The relative dearth of material younger than 2000 y BP on Low Isles Reef is a characteristic common to much of the Great Barrier Reef Marshall & Davies 1982;Johnson et al 1984;Chivas et al 1986;Smith et al 1998). The few younger samples from Low Isles Reef were obtained from clasts of windward shingle ramparts, which owe their origin to storm activity, and benthic foraminifera, which reproduce annually and have plenty of habitat in the form of algae and sea-grass meadows that occupy subtidal ponds.…”

Rochas De Praia "Beachrocks" Da Ilha Do Cabo Frio - Litoral Do Estado Do Rio De Janeiro - Sudeste Brasileiro: Gênese E Geocronologia

“…O processo de litifi cação dos "beachrocks" é mais comum em locais de temperaturas mais elevadas, caracterizado pelo alto índice de evaporação da água do mar (Friedman e Sanders, 1978;Cooper, 1991;Friedman et al, 1992). Porém também podem ser encontrados em locais de clima temperado a frio (Cooray, 1968;Chivas et al,1986;Khalaf, 1988;Holail e Rashed, 1992;Ertek et al, 2008;Erginal et al, 2008).…”

“…Seguidos por Von Buch (1825), Moresby (1835), Darwin (1841), Dana (1849) e Branner (1904. Desde então afl oramentos de "beachrock" foram identifi cados em muitas áreas costeiras localizadas em diversas partes do mundo, Ginsburg (1953) na Florida, Cooray (1968) no Sri Lanka, Chivas et al (1986) na Australia, Meyers (1987) no Hawaii, Khalaf (1988) no Golfo Pérsico, Amieux et al (1989) No Brasil estudos sobre os "beachrocks" são registrados desde Darwin (1841) e Branner (1904. No entanto a maioria dos trabalhos concentra-se no litoral do nordeste brasileiro, destacando Van Andel e Laborel (1964), Mabesoone (1964), Morais (1967), Bigarella (1975), Caldas et al (2006), Bezerra et al (1998Bezerra et al ( e 2005, Guerra et al (2005), Ferreira Jr. (2005, Vieira e Ros (2006), Vieira et al (2007).…”

Unraveling cementation environment and patterns of Holocene beachrocks in the Arabian Gulf and the Gulf of Aqaba: stable isotope approach

“…De spite the dif fer ent ce men ta tion pro cesses and prod ucts, there is one com mon im por tant fac tor in beachrock for ma tion; ce men ta tion com monly oc curs within the intertidal zone (Bricker, 1971;Spurgeon et al, 2003). Beachrocks have been ex ten sively stud ied in many re gions in the world, such as on the coast of the Red Sea (e.g., Holail and Rashed, 1992;Ghandour et al, 2014), the Black Sea (Erginal et al, 2012(Erginal et al, , 2013, Florida (e.g., Spurgeon et al, 2003), the Med i ter ra nean (e.g., Alexandersson, 1972;El-Sayed, 1988), Cen tral Amer ica and the Ca rib bean (e.g., Beier, 1985), In dia (Kumar et al, 2000(Kumar et al, , 2012, the Ara bian Gulf (e.g.,Tay lor and Illing, 1971), Ha waii (Meyers, 1987), Aus tra lia (e.g., Chivas et al, 1986) and Scot land (e.g., Kneale and Viles, 2000). Beachrocks, a com mon fea ture of the east ern and north western coast lines of Saudi Ara bia, have been sub ject of a large num ber of mod ern coastal stud ies be cause of their func tion in the in ter pre ta tion of coastal dy nam ics (Chaves and Sial, 1998) and their im por tance as an in di ca tor of past sea level (Spurgeon et al, 2003).…”