Radiocarbon speciation and distribution in an aquifer plume and groundwater discharge area, Chalk River, Ontario

Killey, R.W.D.; Rao, R. R.; Eyvindson, S.

doi:10.1016/s0883-2927(97)00048-6

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, in case of radiocarbon accumulation, a different pathway, namely soil-atmosphere-leaf, is proposed (Evenden et al, 1998). The study of Killey et al (1998) indicated a rapid move of radiocarbon from soil to the atmosphere with the following uptake in vegetation by CO 2 transfer from the air to the plant. To evaluate the impact of 14 C disposed at the repository on the environment further experiments such as determination of radiocarbon activity concentration in the air above the vault as well as the research into the organically bound radiocarbon are needed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On radiocarbon and plutonium leakage to groundwater in the vicinity of a shallow-land radioactive waste repository

Gudelis¹,

Gvozdaitė²,

Kubarevičienė³

et al. 2010

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On radiocarbon and plutonium leakage to groundwater in the vicinity of a shallow-land radioactive waste repository

Gudelis¹,

Gvozdaitė²,

Kubarevičienė³

et al. 2010

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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“…A unit of interstratified and very fine-grained sands and silts located within the sand sequence contains a thin clayey silt stratum adjacent to and beneath Duke Swamp, which partially acts as an aquitard. At the discharge point this stratum is covered by up to 3 m of woody and fibrous sphagnum peat [14,15]. Topographically the site is quite flat and, coupled with the very permeable surficial sands in the area, there is very little surface runoff.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Topographically the site is quite flat and, coupled with the very permeable surficial sands in the area, there is very little surface runoff. Almost all total precipitation (340 mm) that is annually available for infiltration or runoff percolates down through the waste to the underlying unconfined aquifer [15]. Groundwater recharges from a small, perched lake (Lake 233) in the northeast towards the south and southwest, with only the southern end of Area C overlying the portion of the flow system that drains south to the headwaters of a Bulk Storage Stream (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Groundwater flow rates are approximately 0.3 to 0.5 m/day, based on calculated 3 H/ 3 He groundwater residence times [16,17]. A split in the groundwater flow system, largely resulting from a buried bedrock ridge that has its long axis oriented sub-parallel to the long axis of the Duke Swamp wetland [18], occurs downgradient of Area C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several previous studies have used tritium and radiocarbon systematics to delineate characteristics of the flow system proximal to Area C [15,18]. As groundwater flows from Lake 233 towards Duke Swamp and beneath Area C, it acquires contaminants that percolate downwards through the sands at Area C storage site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Partitioning of ¹²⁷I and ¹²⁹I in an unconfined glaciofluvial aquifer on the Canadian shield

Alvarado-Quiroz¹,

Kotzer²,

Milton³

et al. 2002

Radiochimica Acta

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At AECL -Chalk River Laboratories, Ontario, Canada solid, low-level radioactive wastes from industrial, academic and medical applications have been stored in trenches above unconsolidated sandy glacial tills and permeable very-fine to fine-grained sands overlying crystalline bedrock. The sandy aquifer system drains into a swamp comprised of approximately 3 m of sphagnum peat. A comprehensive field and analytical program, involving measurements of total iodine, 129 I, tritium, 14 C and 13 C/ 12 C ratios in groundwater and geologic materials (sands and peats), was initiated at this site to examine the partitioning of 127 I and 129 I amongst the various reservoirs in this system and the controlling factors.The maximum iodine concentration and 129 I inside the groundwater contaminant plume at the recharge and discharge sites were 67.0 ng/ml and ∼ 8.3 × 10 11 atoms/liter, and 32.4 ng/ml and ∼ 2.9 × 10 11 atoms/liter, respectively, with positive correlations between iodine, 14 C (0.82), and tritium (0.87). Maximum total iodine concentrations for in-plume, rechargesite sands and discharge-site peats were 190.1 µg/kg and 14 100 µg/kg, respectively. 129 I analyses on these same samples showed concentrations of 2.3 × 10 7 and 6.4 × 10 9 atoms/g of soil, respectively.K D values (concentration on porous medium/concentration in co-existing water) calculated from the contaminant plume data for 127 I and 129 I were 1.3 and 1.6 l/kg, respectively, at the recharge site and 486 and 93 l/kg, respectively, at the discharge area, indicating that both stable and radio-iodine are preferentially sorbed to the organic rich, aquifer materials at the discharge sites. Incremental leach experiments on these same geologic materials have borne out these differences, with 127 I being more strongly sorbed than 129 I, probably as the result of kinetically controlled sorption mechanisms and the differing residence times of stable and radio-iodine in this hydrologic regime.

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Progress in isotope tracer hydrology in Canada

Gibson

Edwards

Birks

et al. 2005

Hydrological Processes

290

181

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Abstract:An overview of current research in isotope hydrology, focusing on recent Canadian contributions, is discussed under the headings: precipitation networks, hydrograph separation and groundwater studies, river basin hydrology, lake and catchment water balance, and isotope palaeohydrology from lake sediment records. Tracer-based techniques, relying primarily on the naturally occurring environmental isotopes, have been integrated into a range of hydrological and biogeochemical research programmes, as they effectively complement physical and chemical techniques. A significant geographic focus of Canadian isotope hydrology research has been on the Mackenzie River basin, forming contributions to programmes such as the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment. Canadian research has also directly supported international efforts such as the International Atomic Energy Agency's (IAEA) Global Network for Isotopes in Precipitation and IAEAs Coordinated Research Project on Large River Basins. One significant trend in Canadian research is toward sustained long-term monitoring of precipitation and river discharge to enable better characterization of spatial and temporal variability in isotope signatures and their underlying causes. One fundamental conclusion drawn from previous studies in Canada is that combined use of υ 18 O and υ 2 H enables the distinction of precipitation variability from evaporation effects, which offers significant advantages over use of the individual tracers alone. The study of hydrological controls on water chemistry is one emerging research trend that stems from the unique ability to integrate isotope sampling within both water quality and water quantity surveys.

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Radiocarbon speciation and distribution in an aquifer plume and groundwater discharge area, Chalk River, Ontario

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

On radiocarbon and plutonium leakage to groundwater in the vicinity of a shallow-land radioactive waste repository

On radiocarbon and plutonium leakage to groundwater in the vicinity of a shallow-land radioactive waste repository

Partitioning of ¹²⁷I and ¹²⁹I in an unconfined glaciofluvial aquifer on the Canadian shield

Progress in isotope tracer hydrology in Canada

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Radiocarbon speciation and distribution in an aquifer plume and groundwater discharge area, Chalk River, Ontario

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

On radiocarbon and plutonium leakage to groundwater in the vicinity of a shallow-land radioactive waste repository

On radiocarbon and plutonium leakage to groundwater in the vicinity of a shallow-land radioactive waste repository

Partitioning of 127I and 129I in an unconfined glaciofluvial aquifer on the Canadian shield

Progress in isotope tracer hydrology in Canada

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Product

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About

Partitioning of ¹²⁷I and ¹²⁹I in an unconfined glaciofluvial aquifer on the Canadian shield