Radiochronology of lake sediments

Erten, H. N.

doi:10.1351/pac199769010071

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The maximum 137Cs deposition, which resulted from atmospheric nuclear weapons testing, occurred during 1963-64 (Jaakkola et al, 1983Erten, 1987;Holmes, 1998). The 137Cs activity at Steel Lake has a peak value of 4.420 pCi/g for the varve-dated period of 1964-66 (Table 2), which verifies our varve counts back to the 1960s within the limit of sample The upper image shows an example of distinct varves, and the lower image illustrates obscure varves.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

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Comparison of varve and 14C chronologies from Steel Lake, Minnesota, USA

Tian

Brown

2005

The Holocene

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Annually laminated sediments (varves) offer an effective means of acquiring high-quality palaeoenvironmental records. However, the strength of a varve chronology can be compromised by a number of factors, such as missing varves, ambiguous laminations and human counting error. We assess the quality of a varve chronology for the last three millennia from Steel Lake, Minnesota, through comparisons with nine AMS 14C dates on terrestrial plant macrofossils from the same core. These comparisons revealed an overall 8.4% discrepancy, primarily because of missing/uncountable varves within two stratigraphic intervals characterized by low carbonate concentrations and obscure laminations. Application of appropriate correction factors to these two intervals results in excellent agreement between the varve and 14C chronologies. These results, together with other varve studies, demonstrate that an independent age-determination method, such as 14C dating, is usually necessary to verify, and potentially correct, varve chronologies.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…The maximum 137Cs deposition, which resulted from atmospheric nuclear weapons testing, occurred during 1963-64 (Jaakkola et al, 1983;Erten, 1987;Holmes, 1998). The 137Cs activity at Steel Lake has a peak value of 4.420 pCi/g for the varve-dated period of 1964-66 (Table 2) For convenient comparison with calibrated 14C ages (in cal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of varve and 14C chronologies from Steel Lake, Minnesota, USA

Tian

Brown

2005

The Holocene

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“…The radionuclide 210 Pb (t 1/2 = 22.3 y), a member of the natural radioactive decay series of 238 U, provide a reliable possibility of dating sediments over the last 200 years [1]. This technique has since seen further refined and very widely used by many researchers [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. This method of dating, requires the complete recovery of the topmost sediment layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have used the above mentioned radioisotopic methods over the years for the dating of sediments from Lakes Zurich and Constance, the sea of Marmara, southern Turkey, eastern Spain, the Black Sea region and northern Cyprus [5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiochronological Methods as Tools to Study Environmental Pollution

Erten

2010

Survival and Sustainability

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The study of the environmental impact of natural and anthropogenic events forms the essence of environmental pollution considerations. The nature of the polluting species as well as their time distributions are of primary importance with respect to identifying the polluting sources. Sediments are the most frequently used materials in such studies. Sediments act as the ecological memories of the environments of their formation. Besides classical chronological methods, radiochronological methods developed recently gave a big impetus to environmental pollution studies. One of the key radioisotopic technique is to utilize 210 Pb, a product of the 235 U radioactive series to date the last 200 years of the sediments. A number of supporting indicators are also utilized. One of them being anthropogenic 137 Cs which is used as a time-marker. Large amounts of 137 Cs radioactivity was released to the environment during 1954-1963, in time of the most intense atmospheric nuclear arms testing and again in 1986 during the Chernobyl nuclear accident. These intense 137 Cs activities form time-markers throughout sediment cores corresponding to their release years. During our studies extending over several years we have used radiochronological methods in dating several sediment cores from Zurich and Constance Lakes in Switzerland from east coast of Spain, Sea of Marmara, from the Black Sea region, Southern coast of Turkey and from North Cyprus. The distribution of several elemental concentrations of importance in pollution considerations along sediment cores were also determined. These studies allowes proposing time frames to pollution events and help inqueries in tracing possible sources of pollution.

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“…It decays there with a half-life of 22.3 years and can be used for the determination of sediment accumulation rate and dating upper layers of sediments on a time scale of 100-200 years, in pre-industrial and industrial area. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The distribution pattern of 137 Cs (T 1/2 = 30.14 y) present in sediments represents time markers and this is used as a method of dating. The introduction of 137 Cs into the atmosphere occurred as a result of nuclear tests after 1950s and in 1986 as a result of Chernobyl accident.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dating of Black Sea sediments from Romanian coast using natural²¹⁰Pb and fallout¹³⁷Cs

Ayçık

Çetaku²,

Erten³

et al. 2004

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry

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The sediment samples collected near the shore from Romania were used for the determination of levels of natural 210 Pb, 226 Ra and fallout 137 Cs radionuclides. The sediment samples were dried and ground to a fine powder. Airtight sealed samples were counted by gamma-spectrometer with 110 cm 3 well-type HPGe detector for one week each. By using the isotopic analysis results, sediment accumulation rate was determined. A sedimentation rate of 0.20±0.01 cm. y-1 was determined using 210 Pb method and 0.15±0.03 cm. y-1 using 137 Cs isotope. Fallout peak from Chernobyl reactor accident, as well as the peaks due to nuclear tests, act as time markers.

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Radiochronology of lake sediments

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Comparison of varve and 14C chronologies from Steel Lake, Minnesota, USA

Comparison of varve and 14C chronologies from Steel Lake, Minnesota, USA

Radiochronological Methods as Tools to Study Environmental Pollution

Dating of Black Sea sediments from Romanian coast using natural²¹⁰Pb and fallout¹³⁷Cs

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Radiochronology of lake sediments

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Comparison of varve and 14C chronologies from Steel Lake, Minnesota, USA

Comparison of varve and 14C chronologies from Steel Lake, Minnesota, USA

Radiochronological Methods as Tools to Study Environmental Pollution

Dating of Black Sea sediments from Romanian coast using natural210Pb and fallout137Cs

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Dating of Black Sea sediments from Romanian coast using natural²¹⁰Pb and fallout¹³⁷Cs