Radioembolization Outside of the Liver

Abstract

Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) with yttrium-90 microspheres has emerged as an effective therapy for the treatment of both primary and metastatic hepatic lesions. It has been studied most extensively in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and metastatic colorectal lesions (mCRC). The clinical success of TARE in HCC and mCRC has led to further investigation of expanding treatment to other malignancies involving the liver such as neuroendocrine carcinoma, uveal melanoma, and breast carcinoma, among others. Furthermore, interest in applications of TARE outside of the liver is emerging and small initial studies have been performed primarily in animal models to assess the effects of TARE on other organs such as the brain, stomach, spleen, kidney, and lungs. This review summarizes existing literature on the use of TARE outside of the liver.

Ablative Radioembolization (SIRT) of a Large Inoperable Renal Cell Carcinoma Invading the Liver That Resulted in Hematuria Control and Complete Necrosis by mRECIST Criteria

“…In recent decades, SIRT has predominantly been applied for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastasis. Despite historical reports of extrahepatic use of SIRT in humans 6 to 7 decades ago, limited studies exist, both in animal experiments and in humans, with the currently licensed agents 3 . In 2013, Hamoui et al reported a SIRT therapy for an inoperable RCC with liver metastasis, achieving tumor size stabilization for 9 months with a scheduled renal tumor dose of 80 Gy 4 .…”

“…Despite historical reports of extrahepatic use of SIRT in humans 6 to 7 decades ago, limited studies exist, both in animal experiments and in humans, with the currently licensed agents. 3 In 2013, Hamoui et al reported a SIRT therapy for an inoperable RCC with liver metastasis, achieving tumor size stabilization for 9 months with a scheduled renal tumor dose of 80 Gy. 4 Porcine experimental studies by Zimmerman et al in 1995 5 and de Silva et al in 2016 6 contributed to the understanding of SIRT in kidney.…”