Radiographic and Histochemical Assessment of Root Resorption during Canine Retraction through Piezocision Site

Abstract

Introduction: The number of adult patients seeking orthodontics treatment has increased drastically. There is increased need for faster tooth movement and good esthetics. Piezocision is one of the methods used for accelerating the rate of tooth movement. Aims and Objectives: To assess the amount of root resorption after retraction of canine through piezocision site and compare it with that of recently extracted site using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and assessment of dentin sialoprotein (DSP) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Materials and Methods: A split mouth design was used in 15 patients who were undergoing first orthodontic treatment with premolar extractions. Randomly one of the sides was chosen as control (Group I) and the other side underwent piezocision procedure (Group II). 0.022 × 0.028” MBT system was used with 0.017 × 0.025 SS wire for canine retraction using 150 grams of force. GCF samples were collected from mesio-buccal and disto-buccal of the canine with micropipette at baseline (TO) and day 90(T1) to detect the levels of DSP and the root resorption was measured using CBCT. Results: Statistically significant amount of root resorption was observed after retraction in both the groups. DSP levels were increased in both the groups, though little higher in Group II when compared to group I. Conclusion: DSP level was increased on the piezocision side but it was statistically insignificant which suggests the amount of root resorption on both the sides is similar.

Adverse Effects of Surgically Accelerated Orthodontic Techniques: A Systematic Review

“…Out of the 39 included studies, 33 were RCTs [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ], from which 17 had a split-mouth study design [ 34 , 37 , 41 , 45 , 48 , 53 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 62 , 64 , 65 , 66 ] and 6 were CCTs [ 22 , 67 , 68 , 69 , ...…”

“…Using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, the risk of bias for the RCTs included in the current systematic review varied from low to high overall. Twelve studies had identified problems with the randomization practices [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 45 , 48 , 49 , 53 , 55 , 65 ]. Twenty-one of the thirty-three included RCTs with a sufficiently stated randomization process [ 37 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 46 , 47 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 54 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 66 ].…”

“…From the total of thirty-three included studies, five articles tested corticotomy [ 34 , 35 , 37 , 67 , 71 ], two examined PAOO [ 38 , 39 ], two studied corticision [ 43 , 44 ], eleven investigated piezocision [ 40 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 68 , 70 ], eight evaluated the accelerated tooth movement with the MOPs technique [ 57 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 69 ], and two trials tested lasercision [ 22 , 66 ]. Two studies compared corticotomy with corticotomy combined with bone graft procedures [ 36 , 42 ], one compared corticision with corticotomy [ 45 ], two compared corticotomy with flapless corticotomy using piezotome (piezocision) [ 46 , 47 ], one evaluated MOPs and corticotomy [ 65 ], two tested both MOPs and piezocision [ 56 , 58 ], and one study evaluated corticotomy, piezocision, and corticotomy versus piezocision [ 41 ].…”

“…The majority of the studies that assessed the adverse effects on root length and possible root resorption suggested that there was no evidence of substantial apical root resorption [ 36 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 49 , 50 , 55 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 68 , 71 ]. One trial assessed the amount of root resorption according to CBCT scans after performing corticotomy [ 37 ].…”

“…Adverse effects on periodontium, root resorption, and tooth vitality following the implementation of surgically accelerated orthodontic techniques were not reported in most of the papers [ 22 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 71 ]. Slight differences in periodontal parameters and root resorption were shown in a few papers [ 36 , 37 , 39 , 42 , 47 , 51 , 64 , 65 ].…”