2019
DOI: 10.5455/ijlr.20190325033314
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Radiographic and Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Urinary System Disorders in 14 Numbers of Dog

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“…After doping, Cd in the prepared samples was below the detection limit, indicating that it had been incorporated into the ZnO lattice [18]. The average crystallite size was calculated using Scherrer's equation, expressed as t = kλ ÷ βCosθ, where t is the crystallite size, k is the Scherrer constant =0.94, λ is the wavelength of the incident CuK α radiation and is =1.54059Å, β is the line broadening at half maximum (FWHM), and θ is the Bragg's diffraction angle [19]. The calculated results of the crystallite sizes of the samplesare presented in Table1.Thecrystallite sizes of the Cd-doped ZnO powders (E 2 and M 2 ) were lower compared to those of the pure ZnO samples (E 1 andM 1 ).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…After doping, Cd in the prepared samples was below the detection limit, indicating that it had been incorporated into the ZnO lattice [18]. The average crystallite size was calculated using Scherrer's equation, expressed as t = kλ ÷ βCosθ, where t is the crystallite size, k is the Scherrer constant =0.94, λ is the wavelength of the incident CuK α radiation and is =1.54059Å, β is the line broadening at half maximum (FWHM), and θ is the Bragg's diffraction angle [19]. The calculated results of the crystallite sizes of the samplesare presented in Table1.Thecrystallite sizes of the Cd-doped ZnO powders (E 2 and M 2 ) were lower compared to those of the pure ZnO samples (E 1 andM 1 ).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2. The interplanar spacing (dhkl) was calculated according to Bragg's law [10]. Since the films have a hexagonal structure (𝑎=𝑏≠c), the lattice parameters were calculated using equation ( 5) that is the formula for the hexagonal crystal systems (Equation 5) [11].…”
Section: Xrd Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%