Radiographic Diameter of the Colon in Normal and Constipated Cats and in Cats With Megacolon

Trevail, Tim; Gunn-Moore, Danièlle; Carrera, Inés; Courcier, Emily; Sullivan, Martin

doi:10.1111/j.1740-8261.2011.01830.x

Cited by 57 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Initial literature search found 4264 papers, which were reduced to 244 on the basis of title, to 43 of the basis of abstract, and to 26 by detailed review (Fig. ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic Accuracy of Tests Based on Radiologic Measurements of Dogs and Cats: A Systematic Review

Lamb

Nelson

2014

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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A systematic review of diagnostic tests based on radiologic measurements of structures in dogs and cats was done in order to reach generalizable conclusions about the value of making such measurements. Literature search was done using the ISI Web of Knowledge SM for studies in the subject category Veterinary sciences. Studies were eligible for inclusion that employed length, angle, area or volume measurements from radiographic, ultrasonographic, CT or MR images of dogs or cats as a diagnostic test for a naturally occurring condition, compared the results of imaging with a reference standard, included at least 10 subjects, and sufficient data that a 2 × 2 table of results could be constructed. Quality of studies was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Twenty-six studies were found describing 40 tests that satisfied the inclusion criteria. Tests were radiographic in 22 (55%) instances and ultrasonographic in 18 (45%). Quality of studies was generally low, with a risk of bias in patient selection in 92% studies, performance of the index test in 73% studies, and patient flow in 42% studies. Median (range) number of subjects was 64 (20-305), sensitivity was 77% (38-99%), specificity was 82% (50-99%), positive likelihood ratio was 4.1 (1-103), and negative likelihood ratio was 0.29 (0.01-1). Two studies that compared accuracy of radiographic measurements to subjective image interpretation alone found no difference. Evidence is weak that radiologic measurements of structures in dogs and cats are useful for diagnosis, hence measurements should not be emphasized as a basis for diagnosis in either teaching or clinical imaging reports. C 2014 American College of Veterinary Radiology.

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“…Initial literature search found 4264 papers, which were reduced to 244 on the basis of title, to 43 of the basis of abstract, and to 26 by detailed review (Fig. ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radiologic measurements used in studies retrieved by search were predominantly linear or ratio, with relatively few examples of angle, area or volume measurements. The studies retrieved by this search represent a more heterogeneous group than is usually obtained by systematic reviews focused on a single diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Accuracy of Tests Based on Radiologic Measurements of Dogs and Cats: A Systematic Review

Lamb

Nelson

2014

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…In all cats, the ratio of the maximal diameter of the colon to L5 length was less than 1.48. 18 The surgical technique was similar for all cases, and the reported variations (bone decortication 4/5 cases or not 1/5 case) reflected the fact that two board-certified surgeons (GP, MTD) performed the surgical procedure on each case independently. General anaesthesia was induced, and the affected side was prepared for aseptic surgery.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Pre-and post-surgical radiographic study (5/5 cases) and computed tomography (CT) scan (⅕ cases) were evaluated by a board-certified radiologist (FR); the width changes of the pelvic canal and the ratio of the maximal diameter of the colon to L5 length were objectively assessed using previously described measurements. 17,18 Based on a previous canine study, narrowing of the pelvic canal greater than 30% was considered severe. 19 Before surgery, the mean narrowing of the pelvic canal diameter measured between the medial acetabular cortices was 47% (range 35-62.5%), involved the left lateral portion of the canal in three cats (case 2, 3, 5), the right lateral portion in one patient (case 4) and was bilateral in another cat (case 1).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triple Pelvic Osteotomy Fixed with Lag Screw for the Treatment of Pelvic Canal Stenosis in Five Cats

Cinti

Cavaliere²,

Degna³

et al. 2020

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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Objective The aim of this study was to describe the technique and the clinical outcome of cats with obstipation as a result of pelvic canal narrowing, treated using an alternative triple pelvic osteotomy technique. Methods Five cats with obstipation as a result of pelvic canal narrowing due to pelvic fracture malunion or secondary hyperparathyroidism were treated by triple pelvic osteotomy. After performing the iliac osteotomy and medial partial cortical debridement (4/5 cases), the pelvic canal was widened by moving the caudal fragment of the ilium to the lateral aspect of the cranial fragment. The iliac fragments were fixed by a 2.7-mm lag screw (5/5 cases) and an additional 2 Kirschner wires 0.8 mm (1/5 cases). Results The radiographic examination immediately postoperatively and 8 weeks postoperatively showed a mean pelvic canal enlargement of 20% (range 7–38%). Minor complication occurred in one case; this resolved 15 days postoperatively without any treatment. Complications and recurrence of obstipation did not occur during the final follow-up, ranging between 5 months and 1 year in any of these cases. Clinical Significance The use of lag screw fixed triple pelvic osteotomy resulted in widening of the pelvic canal and led to a satisfactory outcome with no major complications. This technique is fast, requires no expensive implants and it is relatively straightforward. Further cases are required to determine the success and complication risk of the procedure.

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“…Abdominal palpation and digital rectal examination were used, as part of the clinical examination, to aid in the diagnosis. Radiographic examination of the abdomen was performed at the time of admission; a ratio of maximal colonic diameter to the length of the body of the second lumbar (L 2 ) and fifth lumbar (L 5 ) vertebrae was calculated (Lee & Leowijuk , Trevail et al ) [Figs and ]. Prostatic dimensions were also described using the ratio prostatic length/distance between sacral and pubic bone (Atalan et al ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonic impaction in dogs: a retrospective study of 58 cases (1996 to 2014)

Tzimtzimis

Papazoglou

Patsikas

et al. 2019

J of Small Animal Practice

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Objectives To describe the clinical findings, management and outcome of colonic impaction in dogs and report the effectiveness of medical treatment. Materials and Methods Case records of 58 dogs with colonic impaction were reviewed. Telephone contact with the owners was used to obtain long‐term outcome. Results Twenty‐nine dogs (50%) were mixed‐breed, and 45 (78%) were entire males. Median age at presentation was 7 years, and median bodyweight was 22 kg. The degree of radiographic colonic distension did not appear to be related to long‐term outcome. Fifty‐five dogs (95%) received medical treatment including enemas alone, hyperosmotic and/or bulk‐forming and/or lubricant laxatives, enemas combined with laxatives or enemas and/or laxatives combined with manual evacuation of faecal material under anaesthesia. Median survival time of the 58 dogs was 2 years. Overall, 36 of 41 dogs with available long‐term follow‐up had a favourable outcome. Clinical Significance Medical treatment of colonic impaction in dogs with a single agent or a combination of agents has a high success rate. Marked colonic dilation is not necessarily indicative of megacolon in dogs.

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Radiographic Diameter of the Colon in Normal and Constipated Cats and in Cats With Megacolon

Cited by 57 publications

References 10 publications

Diagnostic Accuracy of Tests Based on Radiologic Measurements of Dogs and Cats: A Systematic Review

Diagnostic Accuracy of Tests Based on Radiologic Measurements of Dogs and Cats: A Systematic Review

Triple Pelvic Osteotomy Fixed with Lag Screw for the Treatment of Pelvic Canal Stenosis in Five Cats

Colonic impaction in dogs: a retrospective study of 58 cases (1996 to 2014)

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