Radiographic identification of the primary structures of the ankle syndesmosis

Abstract

Quantitative radiographic guidelines describing the locations of the primary syndesmotic structures demonstrated excellent reliability and reproducibility. Defined guidelines provide additional clinically relevant information regarding the radiographic anatomy of the syndesmosis and may assist with preoperative planning, augment intraoperative navigation, and provide additional means for objective postoperative assessment.

Outcomes following anatomic fibular (lateral) collateral ligament reconstruction

“…An anatomic FCL reconstruction technique has many advantages [35]. First, anatomic fixation results in physiologically normal forces on the graft during physical activity and has been validated to restore objective stability to an FCL‐deficient knee allowing early range of motion during rehabilitation [6, 16].…”

Biomechanical Analysis of the Individual Ligament Contributions to Syndesmotic Stability

“…Recently, the anatomy of the syndesmosis has been thoroughly described both qualitatively and quantitatively with respect to surrounding bony anatomy. 1,10,36,37 Previous biomechanical studies have provided information about individual ligament properties and their contributions to joint stability including resistance to syndesmotic diastasis (via lateral traction) and external rotation, as well as the effects of injury on tibiotalar joint contact pressures and mechanics. 8,22,25,27-29,39 The research of Ogilvie-Harris et al is frequently referenced, in which diastasis of the distal tibiofibular joint was assessed following sectioning of individual ligaments.…”

Use of Anatomical Landmarks in Ankle Arthroscopy to Determine Accuracy of Syndesmotic Reduction: A Cadaveric Study

“…[7][8][9] Although there is no debate regarding the importance of anatomical restoration of the syndesmosis, the confirmation of such a reduction intraoperatively is inconsistent with and inaccurate with reference to the current methodologies of intraoperative fluoroscopy or plain radiographs. 10 Additionally, iatrogenic malreduction of the syndesmosis via clamp placement and screw fixation has been demonstrated. 11 Direct visualization offers the best chance of providing optimal information, but that necessitates a larger incision with proximity to the superficial peroneal nerve.…”