Radiographic pattern of extra-nodal non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma

Hivarkar, Minakshi R; Umarji, Hemant R; Kadam, Sonali; Kumar, Keshav

doi:10.4103/2230-7095.180082

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…[ 3 , 16 - 18 ] ENHL of the head and neck typically develops in the sixth and seventh decades of life with a slight male predominance. [ 1 , 19 ] Exceptions are salivary, orbital, and thyroid lymphomas, which have a female predominance. [ 20 , 21 ] Constitutional symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, fever >38°C, and night sweats with increased risk of infections are common.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 1 , 8 ] The infectious factors are many and include human immune-deficiency virus (HIV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Hepatitis C, Helicobacter pylori, and human T-cell leukemia virus-1. [ 8 , 19 ] Burkitt’s lymphoma is common in children and has strong association with the EBV. [ 1 ] Chronic HIV infection poses a 100 times increased risk of lymphoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultrasound is the initial imaging modality for the evaluation of superficial masses within the orbit, cervical lymph nodes, thyroid, and salivary glands. [ 1 , 2 , 19 , 23 , 28 - 30 ] Deeper lesions, however, require evaluation with CT and MRI. [ 1 , 22 , 31 , 32 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross-sectional imaging evaluation of atypical and uncommon extra-nodal head and neck Non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Case series

Mahmoud¹,

Howard

Ahsan

et al. 2023

JCIS

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Extra-nodal Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (ENHL) of the head and neck is not uncommon and has variable clinical and imaging presentations. It represents about 25% of extra-nodal lymphomas. In addition, lymphoma is the third most common malignancy of the head and neck just after squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and salivary gland neoplasms. Unlike SCC, ENHL usually presents as a well-defined mass in the oral cavity, along the pharyngeal mucosa, sinonasal cavity, orbit, and other different neck spaces. One of the common presentations of ENHL is the glandular type which can arise within the salivary or thyroid glands as marginal zone non-Hodgkin lymphoma. ENHL can infiltrate the bone resembling high grade osseous malignancies. Rarely, ENHL can present as perineural spread without definitive mass and manifest clinically with several neuropathies. In this case series, we presented different imaging features and presentation of ENHL of the head and neck. The knowledge of various presentations of ENHL of the head and neck can help early diagnosis and prompt management of these patients’ population.

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