Radioimmunoassay of Human Proinsulin C-peptide Using Synthetic Human Connecting Peptide

Kaneko, Takeshi; Oka, Hiroshi; Munemura, Masahide; Oda, Tatsuya; Yamashita, Kamejiro; Suzuki, Seiji; Yanaihara, Noboru; Hashimoto, Tadashi; Yanaihara, Chizuko

doi:10.1507/endocrj1954.21.141

Cited by 134 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…In 1967, Steiner et al showed that proinsulin is converted within the pancreatic B cells to insulin and C-peptide [1,2], which are secreted into the portal circulation in equimolar quantities along with a small amount of proinsulin [3][4][5]. C-peptide is not extracted to any significant degree by the liver [6,7], and several studies substantiated C-peptide measurement as a reliable parameter of B cell function [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Abstract: B Cell C-peptide Type 1 Diabetes Hypoglycaemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of residual B cell function and its metabolic consequences in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes

Madsbad¹

1983

Diabetologia

103

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Summary. Several reports suggest that most patients have surviving B cells at the onset of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. After starting insulin therapy, most have a transient improvement in B cell function which peaks between 2 and 6 months after diagnosis. Thereafter B cell function declines. However, even after 2 years most patients still display some residual B cell function. During the following 10-15 years, the prevalence of residual B cell function decreases to about 15% and stays at this level. At present it is unknown why patients with Type 1 diabetes have different degrees of B cell function after several years of disease. Age at onset is of importance for the first 10-15 years of disease. Patients with late onset have a higher prevalence of retained B cell function than patients with early onset. Both at the onset of disease and after the initial remission period, an improvement in glycaemic control results in improved B cell function but the effect is transient. The occurrence of islet cell antibodies, islet cell surface antibodies and the many abnormal cellular immunological parameters found in Type 1 patients have not been correlated to the degree of B cell function. The metabolic importance of even minimal endogenous insulin secretion on intermediate metabolism has been clearly demonstrated during insulin withdrawal. During hypoglycaemia, patients with B cell function have a greater glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide response than patients without. The nadir and recovery of blood glucose do not differ, but rates of lipolysis and ketogenesis are exaggerated in those without B cell function. Residual B cell function is clearly linked to clinical remission but seems to have little effect on metabolic control in daily life after years of diabetes. Only patients with considerable B cell function have markedly better metabolic control than patients without B cell function, but those with residual B cell function need a smaller daily dose of insulin to obtain the same degree of control. Whether residual B cell function protects against or delays the development of late complications is not clear.

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Section: Abstract: B Cell C-peptide Type 1 Diabetes Hypoglycaemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of residual B cell function and its metabolic consequences in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes

Madsbad¹

1983

Diabetologia

103

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“…Recently the immunoassay system of human C-peptide of insulin has been developed by Melani et al (1970a), and Kaneko et al (1974), and many clinical results on the plasma or urine C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) have been reported in various diseases, especially in patients with [insulinoma or in insulin-treated diabetic subjects (Block et al, 1972(Block et al, , 1973Horwitz et al, 1975;Heding and Rasmussen, 1975;Kuzuya et al, 1977;Jaspan et al, 1977). The PLC contents of pancreas from diabetic and nondiabetic subjects were already studied (Rastogi et al, 1973;Hayashi et al, 1977), but the amount of C-peptide in human pancreas has not been reported.…”

Section: Synopsismentioning

confidence: 99%

C-peptide, insulin and proinsulinlike components in diabetic and nondiabetic human pancreas.

Tasaka¹,

Takei²,

Hirata³

1979

Endocrinol Japon

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“…The C-peptide assay kit using a synthetic human C-peptide was supplied from Dai-ichi Radioisotope Laboratory , Tokyo. Th e procedure was carried out according to the method of double antibody system described by Kaneko et al (1974). Insulin itself and antibody to exogenous insulin were reported to have no influence on this assay.…”

Section: Experimental Protocol and Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma C-peptide response to oral glucose in low insulin responders, subdiabetic, and diabetic subjects.

Toyota

Kudo

Abe

et al. 1977

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Radioimmunoassay of Human Proinsulin C-peptide Using Synthetic Human Connecting Peptide

Cited by 134 publications

References 2 publications

Prevalence of residual B cell function and its metabolic consequences in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes

Prevalence of residual B cell function and its metabolic consequences in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes

C-peptide, insulin and proinsulinlike components in diabetic and nondiabetic human pancreas.

Plasma C-peptide response to oral glucose in low insulin responders, subdiabetic, and diabetic subjects.

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