Radiologic Features of Gastric Leiomyosarcoma and Leiomyoma

Abstract

Smooth muscle tumors of stomach are unusual tumors, accounting for 1-3% of primary gastric malignancies. Diagnosis of these tumors is important because of the more favorable prognosis of this tumor than that of gastric carcinoma.A retrospective study was made in 18 patients who had pathology-proven gastric leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma to identify radiologic characteristics for recent 6 years from Jan. 1978 to July. 1984 at department of radiology , Seoul National University Hospital.The results were as fo lJ ows:1. Age of 13 cases of gastric leiomyosarcoma ranged from 36 to 70 with average of 51 and the male to female ratio was 10:3.Age of 5 cases of gastric leiomyoma ranged from 24 to 67 with average of 44 and the male to female ratio was 3:2.2. Clinically, gastric leiomyosarcoma had epigastric pain in 7 cases, palpable mass in 4 cases, melena in 3 cases, hematemesis in 2 cases, 5 cases of gastric leiomyoma also had above symptoms respectively.3. Of the 13 cases of gastric leiomyosarcoma studied by upper gastrointestinal examination , 6 cases (32%) involved the fundus , 10 cases (50%) in the body, 3 cases (18%) in the antrum . Of the 5 cases of gastric leiomyoma, 4 cases were confined to the fundus and 1 case in the body.4. The size of the 13 gastric leiomyosarcomas ranged from 5 to more than 20cm in diameter. The size of the 5 gastric leiomyomas ranged from 3 to 9cm in diameter.5. The growth type of gastric leiomyosarcoma was exophytic in 8 cases, endogastric in 1 case and mixed pattern in 4 cases.The growth type of gastric leiomyoma were exophytic in 1 case, endogastric in 2 cases and mixed in 2 cases.6. Mucosal pattern of gastric leiomyosarcoma were mainly effaced pattern in 10 cases (77 %), but 3 cases (23 %) showed irregular destructioñ. 1 case of gastric leiomyoma showed mucosal irregularity.