2016
DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2016.04.011
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Radiologic Patterning of Hallux Deformity in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Its Relationship to Flatfoot

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Cited by 8 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…The three major hallux deformities in patients with RA are hallux valgus, hallux rigidus, and IP hyperextension, according to the observation of 200 consecutive patients with RA by Kirkup et al [ 4 ]. Among these deformities, hallux rigidus and IP hyperextension are closely related [ 4 , 5 ]. Kirkup et al reported that half of the cases with hallux rigidus were accompanied by IP hyperextension and considered IP hyperextension as a compensatory change for the limited dorsiflexion caused by hallux rigidus [ 4 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The three major hallux deformities in patients with RA are hallux valgus, hallux rigidus, and IP hyperextension, according to the observation of 200 consecutive patients with RA by Kirkup et al [ 4 ]. Among these deformities, hallux rigidus and IP hyperextension are closely related [ 4 , 5 ]. Kirkup et al reported that half of the cases with hallux rigidus were accompanied by IP hyperextension and considered IP hyperextension as a compensatory change for the limited dorsiflexion caused by hallux rigidus [ 4 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Kirkup et al reported that half of the cases with hallux rigidus were accompanied by IP hyperextension and considered IP hyperextension as a compensatory change for the limited dorsiflexion caused by hallux rigidus [ 4 ]. Another study classifying the hallux deformities of 527 RA feet into five clusters demonstrated that the boutonniere deformity, characterized by an elevated first metatarsal, plantar displacement of the proximal phalanx, and IP hyperextension, was correlated with a decreased longitudinal arch [ 5 ]. The study also demonstrated that the plantar displacement of the proximal phalanx was significantly correlated with decreased dorsiflexion in the MTP joint and speculated that the boutonniere deformity was a result of compensatory hyperextension at the IP joint for the limited dorsiflexion at the MTP joint [ 5 ], which can be explained by the reverse windlass mechanism in the flatfoot proposed by Hicks [ 6 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although RA affects every joint in the body, it is most commonly involved in the hand (15.7%) and foot (14.7%) joints [6]. The first problems that come to mind in RA are in the hands and wrists, but 90% of long-term RA patients also have foot problems [7]. The first symptoms in 16-36% of RA patients begin in the foot area [8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%