Radiological Analysis of Olfactory Fossa Depth: A Tertiary Care Hospital Based Study

Shrestha, Bikash Lal; Karmacharya, Sameer; Shrestha, Krishna Sundar

doi:10.3126/bjhs.v3i3.22193

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In our study, the most common were Keros type II (71.9%), followed by Keros type I (17.8%), Keros type III (10.3%). While a few studies reported the most common Keros type I [1,2,7,20,21], most studies were the most common type II [3][4][5]8,[13][14][15][17][18][19][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], consistent with our study. The distributions according to the Keros classification in the studies conducted in the Turkish population are presented in Table 6.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Radiological Evaluation of Olfactory Fossa with Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Keşkek¹,

Aytuğar

2021

JOMR

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Objectives:The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the morphology of the olfactory fossa in the Turkish population using cone-beam computed tomography according to Keros classification and to investigate the effect of age, gender and nasal septum deviation on the olfactory fossa. Material and Methods: Olfactory fossa (OF) were analysed in coronal sections on cone-beam computed tomography images of 385 individuals. Nasal floor (NF), medial ethmoid roof point (MERP), cribriform plate (CP) heights, CP depth and width, OF width, lateral lamella-cribriform plate angle (LLCPA), and nasal septum deviation angle (NSDA) were measured. Keros and Gera classifications were made according to the measurements. Results: According to the Keros classification, 137 of 770 OFs were type I (17.8%), 554 (71.9%) were type II, and 79 (10.3%) were type III. The most common combination was Keros type II and Gera type II (45.6%). There was a positive correlation between CP depth and LLCP angle, NF, MERP and CP heights (P ≤ 0.05). NF, MERP, and CP heights, CP depth and LLCP angle were statistically significant differences according to Keros classification (P ≤ 0.05). Only the right LLCP angle showed a statistically significant difference according to the NSD sides (P = 0.014). Conclusions:The study shows that the lateral lamella-cribriform plate angle increases as the cribriform plate depth increases. This result suggests that it may moderate the risk during endoscopic sinus surgery. Also, according to the nasal septum deviation sides, the dimensions of the olfactory fossa did not change significantly, except for the lateral lamella-cribriform plate angle.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…There is a lateral lamella of the cribriform plate (LLCP) to which it is articulated medially. LLCP is the area most susceptible to iatrogenic damage during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) because of its very thin bone structure [1,2]. ESS is a treatment method used in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiological Evaluation of Olfactory Fossa with Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Keşkek¹,

Aytuğar

2021

JOMR

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“…In the present study, the most common OF type was type 2 on the right (51%) and left (45.5%) sides. Type 1 was more common in some studies (10,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23), while type 2 was more common (61%-76.1%) in other studies, including the current study (2, 4, 8, 12, 14, 24 -30). The highest incidence was reported in the study of Periyasamy et al (28), but the incidence was found to be higher (80% and 83.3% on the right and left side of control group, respectively) because they divided 120 patients into 4 groups as the right and left, case (with sinusitis) and control groups, and calculated the incidence over 30 samples each.…”

Section: Of Types According To Depth Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 40%

“…Patil et al (26) reported that the mean OF depth on the right and left sides was 5.3 mm and 5.42 mm, respectively. In the study by Murthy and Santosh (29), a mean OF depth of 5.21 mm was reported, while Naidu et al (30) reported median depths of 5.6 and 6 mm on the right and left sides, respectively; Shrestha et al (10) reported that OF on the right side was deeper. In the study by Lakhani et al (12), the highest depth of OF was reported as 6.543 and 6.2 mm on the right and left sides, respectively, in the 51-60 years age group.…”

Section: Of Types According To Depth Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of the Olfactory Fossa With Computed Tomography for Endoscopic Surgery

Serindere

2023

Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this case-control study is to assess the olfactory fossa (OF) anatomy in computed tomography (CT) images of patients with clinical and radiological diagnoses of sinusitis as well as those of patients of a control group. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 100 patients without sinusitis and 100 patients with a clinical and radiological diagnosis of chronic sinusitis who were referred for CT scans were included. The OF types were recorded according to the Keros classification. Medial ethmoid roof point (MERP) height, cribriform plate (CP) height and width, OF depth and width, and angle of lateral lamella-cribriform plate (ALLCP) were also measured. RESULTS: The mean depth of OF was 5.9 mm and 6.1 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. The most common type was type 2 on the right (51%) and left (45.5%) sides. The mean height of the MERP was 27.9 mm in both the right and left sides. The mean height of CP was 22.0 mm and 21.8 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. The mean width of the OF was 4.1 mm and 3.4 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. The mean width of CP was 2.8 mm and 2.4 mm on the right and left sides, respectively.The mean right and left ALLCP were 77.6° and 79.1°, respectively. No significant difference was found between the parameters in the case and control groups. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results, the presence of sinusitis has no effect on the anatomy of the OF. However, preoperative evaluation of the OF anatomy is very important in minimizing complications that may occur during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).

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Anatomical Variation of the Olfactory Fossa According to Keros and Yenigun Classifications in Karachi, Pakistan

Yousuf,

Jamil,

Hashmi

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Aim: The goal of our research is to assess the olfactory fossa anatomical variation through Keros and Yenigun classification by computed tomography (CT) scan of paranasal sinuses (PNS), as in order for surgeons to prevent major complications, they must be familiar with its variations in anatomy during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) related to anterior ethmoidal artery injury, as its course varies with depth and length of the olfactory fossa. Methods: At Karachi's Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), retrospective research was carried out. From anterior to posterior, sequential coronal and axial pictures were examined, and the existence and location of further anatomical characteristics were documented. A consultant radiologist used the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) software to do the review. The depth of the olfactory fossa and anterior-posterior length were measured. We utilized OpenEpi version 3 to compute the sample size findings. The estimated sample size was calculated as 249 by taking the prevalence of 63.5% for type 2 Keros classification, with a margin of error of 6% and a confidence level. Results: The median length for the olfactory fossa depth (Keros) for the left and right sides were 6.2 (2.2-10.9) mm and 6.0 (2.8-10.4) mm, respectively. The median anteroposterior length of the cribriform plate (Yenigun) for the left and right sides were 11.4 (6.1-19.2) mm and 11.2 (6.0-18.0) mm, respectively. According to Keros Classification, type 2 was observed as the most prevalent category on the right side for both females and males, with 97/122 (79.5%) and 106/127 (83.5%) individuals, respectively. The chi-square test was applied for the analysis of gender and classification. Keros type 2 was observed to be the most prevalent in both males and females. Similarly, type 2 was also seen to be the most prevalent in the Yenigun classification in both genders. No statistical difference was found in both classifications (p = 0.39). In most of the literature, type 2 has been the most commonly dominated type. The reason seems due to the variation in genes and anatomy of the human PNS. Conclusion: Preoperative planning should take the morphological characteristics of the ethmoidal roof into account. Understanding the ethmoidal roof morphology among populations may be improved by looking at bigger patient groups and meta-analyses that compile different study findings on this topic.

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Radiological Analysis of Olfactory Fossa Depth: A Tertiary Care Hospital Based Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Radiological Evaluation of Olfactory Fossa with Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Radiological Evaluation of Olfactory Fossa with Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Evaluation of the Olfactory Fossa With Computed Tomography for Endoscopic Surgery

Anatomical Variation of the Olfactory Fossa According to Keros and Yenigun Classifications in Karachi, Pakistan

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