Radiological assessment of skull base changes in children with syndromic craniosynostosis: role of “minor” sutures

Abstract

Changes in the skull base and craniofacial axis symmetry are due to structural and functional relationships between "major" and "minor" skull sutures, suggesting a structural and functional relationship between the neurocranium and basicranium. The early recognition of prematurely closed skull base sutures may help clinicians and neurosurgeons to establish correct therapeutic approaches.

Osteological evidence of short stature and parieto‐squamosal arch craniosynostosis in a non‐adult male from the 13th century Leiria, Portugal

“…However, cranial volume was not markedly affected by synostosis, as cranial length and breadth were only about 5.0% smaller than MB‐61‐336's cranium and head circumference was only 3.8% smaller. In 20–40% of patients, craniosynostosis is part of a syndrome (de Jong et al, ), but a specific genetic condition often cannot be identified (Calandrelli et al, ). Isolated and unilateral squamosal synostosis is usually associated with mild deformities that tend to resolve with growth (Smartt et al, ).…”

“…Squamosal suture synostosis is considered to be a rare condition in modern populations, although cases can be missed because it often has little clinical significance (Eley et al, ; Murphy, Ajabshir, Altman, Wolfe, & Perlyn, ). The premature fusion of minor sutures, such as the parieto‐mastoid, is generally associated with the fusion of major sutures and impacts both facial and cranial growth patterns (Calandrelli et al, ). In the palaeopathological literature, Duncan and Stojanowski () described a cranium from 16th century south‐eastern United States with complete synostosis of the squamosal suture and partial synostosis of the left coronal.…”

“…Craniosynostosis is a pathological condition affecting cranial development caused by premature suture closure (Calandrelli et al, 2014). It was first described by Virchow (1851) and was observed on a Homo heidelbergensis non-adult from Atapuerca (Gracia et al, 2009).…”

“…The premature fusion of minor sutures, such as the parieto-mastoid, is generally associated with the fusion of major sutures and impacts both facial and cranial growth patterns (Calandrelli et al, 2014). In the palaeopathological literature, Duncan and Stojanowski (2008) This study aims to describe a juvenile individual excavated from a Medieval graveyard in the town of Leiria (Portugal) and discuss the possible condition that may be responsible for his short stature and parieto-squamosal arch synostosis.…”

Avaliação por imagem tridimensional das características morfológicas e do crescimento do terço médio da face de pacientes com craniossinostose sindrômica submetidos ao avanço frontofacial em monobloco associado à distração osteogênica

“…Diferentemente disso, à SC estão implicadas pelo menos 2 dúzias de mutações no FGFR 30 . O conhecimento dessas particularidades permite compreender melhor o motivo pelo qual os estudos demonstram com maior frequência a ação das mutações relacionadas a SA diferentemente da SC [42][43][44] . NA SP por sua vez, as mutações genéticas estão relacionadas tanto ao FGFR1 quanto ao FGFR2 sendo mais frequentes no segundo 39 .…”