Radiolysis of Aqueous Ammonia Solutions: Mathematical Modeling

Grachev, V. A.; Sazonov, A. B.

doi:10.1134/s0018143921060072

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…High energy electrons undergo elastic and inelastic collisions with the solvent molecules. This results in a transfer of energy from the electron beam to the liquid and leads to radiolysis, resulting in the creation of primary radiolytic species such as solvated electrons, e sol – , as well as H • , H 2 O 2 , H 3 O + , OH • , HO 2 • , NH 2 • , and H 2 . − These primary radiolytic species then undergo reactions with each other and the solution, leading to the creation of secondary radiolytic species such as O 2 and N 2 H 4 . , Both primary and secondary radiolytic species diffuse away from their region of formation to react with the precursor, the solvent, and one another in both the near-field and far-field regions of the film.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Lensing for High Resolution Nanostructure Synthesis in Liquids

Ahmed,

Kottke,

Fedorov

2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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The advancement of liquid phase electron/ion beam induced deposition has enabled an effective direct-write approach for functional nanostructure synthesis with the possibility of three-dimensional control of morphology. For formation of a metallic solid phase, the process employs ambient temperature, beam-guided, electrochemical reduction of precursor cations, resulting in rapid formation of structures, but with challenges for retention of resolution achievable via slower electron beam approaches. The possibility of spatial control of redox pathways via the use of water−ammonia solvents has opened avenues for improved nanostructure resolution without sacrificing the growth rate. In particular, ammonia enables "electrochemical lensing" in which a tightly confined and highly reducing environment is created locally to enable high resolution, rapid beam-directed nanostructure growth. We demonstrate this unique approach to high resolution synthesis through a combination of analysis and experiment.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Lensing for High Resolution Nanostructure Synthesis in Liquids

Ahmed,

Kottke,

Fedorov

2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…High-energy gamma rays are likely to trigger the decomposition of HCHO, NH 3 , CH 3 OH, and H 2 O into radicals. One of the possible reaction pathways could be illustrated as Figure , based on the radical formations induced by gamma rays − in addition to the formation of alanine from ammonia and aldehyde . OH radicals produced by gamma-rays efficiently remove hydrogen from molecules and trigger further radical reactions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OH radicals produced by gamma-rays efficiently remove hydrogen from molecules and trigger further radical reactions. NH 2 radical and HCO radical are produced by ammonia and formaldehyde, and then formamide is produced . Ethylene glycol is produced from the CH 2 OH radial which is formed from methanol by gamma rays. , Ethylene glycol then produces acetaldehyde which reacts with ammonia and produces ethanimine .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gamma-Ray-Induced Amino Acid Formation in Aqueous Small Bodies in the Early Solar System

et al. 2022

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Carbonaceous chondrites contain life’s essential building blocks, including amino acids, and their delivery of organic compounds would have played a key role in life’s emergence on Earth. Aqueous alteration of carbonaceous chondrites is a widespread process induced by the heat produced by radioactive decay of nuclides like 26Al. Simple ubiquitous molecules like formaldehyde and ammonia could produce various organic compounds, including amino acids and complex organic macromolecules. However, the effects of radiation on such organic chemistry are unknown. Hence, the effects of gamma rays from radioactive decays on the formation of amino acids in meteorite parent bodies are demonstrated here. We discovered that gamma-ray irradiation of aqueous formaldehyde and ammonia solutions afforded a variety of amino acids. The amino acid yields had a linear relationship with the total gamma-ray dose but were unaffected by the irradiation dose rates. Given the gamma-ray production rates in the meteorite parent bodies, we estimated that the production rates were reasonable compared to amino acid abundances in carbonaceous chondrites. Our findings indicate that gamma rays may contribute to amino acid formation in parent bodies during aqueous alteration. In this paper, we propose a new prebiotic amino acid formation pathway that contributes to life’s origin.

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