Radiometric Measurement of Attenuation and Emission by the Earth's Atmosphere at Wavelengths From 4 cm to 8 mm

Haroules, G. G.; Brown, William E

doi:10.1109/tmtt.1968.1126761

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The atmospheric influence on the observed brightness temperatures, and therefore on the retrieved information, can be evaluated by varying the values for the transmittance of the atmosphere and the atmospheric radiation. For nonprecipitating clouds the optical opacity t can he calculated using the values of the attenuation coefficient, K~, by water clouds and fog as reported by Haroules & Brown (1969):…”

Section: Atmospheric Influence On the Retrieval Of Sea Ice Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weather influence on passive microwave brightness temperatures

Løvås¹,

Rubinstein²,

Ulstad³

1994

Polar Research

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Sea ice charts produced using spacebornc passive microwave observations are used on routine basis at several ice forecasting centres and during sea ice research campaigns. The capability of passive microwave sensors to monitor the earth, regardless of cloud cover or daylight, and the 1400 km swath width (SSM/I) make these sensors well suited not only for ice forecasting but also for providing information needed for planning northern oceanic routes. The retrieval of sea ice parameters is carried out by utilizing 37 and 19 GHz brightness temperatures measured by Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) on the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) platform. The ice type identification uses a‐priory established signature brightness temperatures for each ice type. The algorithm generating the sea ice information contains some climatological information on the weather dependence of the observed brightness temperature. A comparison between passive microwave (SSM/I) retrieved ice parameters and ice maps from the Norwegian Meteorological Institute (DNMI) indicates that the weather correcting procedure within the algorithm may need regionalized input. The correlation of variability of the observed brightness temperatures with the weather changes has to be derived prior to introducing any corrections to the existing algorithms. The observed brightness temperatures contain information not only about the ice surface but also the atmospheric contribution. One of the crucial tasks is to establish a technique for flagging changes on the ice surface in order to segregate them from the atmospheric influence on the passive microwave signal. To obtain more knowledge about the effects of regional weather on the retrieval of sea ice parameters, local climatological information from DNMI has been compared with the SSM/I ice charts. This paper focuses on the outcome of this comparison and how regional atmospheric information can be used in the retrieval of sea ice information from passive microwave data.

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Section: Atmospheric Influence On the Retrieval Of Sea Ice Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weather influence on passive microwave brightness temperatures

Løvås¹,

Rubinstein²,

Ulstad³

1994

Polar Research

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“…A more complete discussion of this technique appears in a previous publication by the authors and thus will not be further discussed in this paper [Haroules and Brown, 1968].…”

Section: K•/\ A(sect•) ] (1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The simultaneous investigation of attenuation and emission by the Earth's atmosphere at wavelengths from 4 centimeters to 8 millimeters

Haroules¹,

Brown²

1969

J. Geophys. Res.

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Daily solar measurements of atmospheric absorption and atmospheric emission were conducted simultaneously for a period of nine months during 1967 and 1968. Nighttime observavations of emission followed daytime observations of absorption and emission. The month of June 1968, provided a fortuitous opportunity to observe absorption during rain since 23 out of 30 days had light to heavy rainfall. The brightness temperature of clouds was measured by the multi‐frequency instrument during the observation period. The observational frequencies of 8, 15, 19, and 35 GHz were used to determine the frequency correlation between meteorological phenomena and the atmospheric parameters associated with the fine structure characteristics of absorption and emission.

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“…Other Copyright ¸ 1971 by the American Geophysical Union. papers on simultaneous emission and absorption measurements at 15 and 35 GHz [e.g., Haroules, 1968Haroules, , 1969 have not been written in conjunction with radiosondes, which allow the calculation of atmospheric attenuation by using the various line shape theories; nor did they specifically observe under clear sky conditions, which is necessary in order to estimate the errors involved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Emission and Absorption at Millimeter Wavelengths

Falcone¹,

Wulfsberg²,

Gitelson³

1971

Radio Science

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We simultaneously measured atmospheric emission and absorption under clear sky conditions at frequencies of 15 and 35 GHz and compared the values with those calculated from the radiative transfer equation. The measurements show that atmospheric attenuation determined from emission and absorption measurements agree within experimental error and that the calculated values of attenuation agree with the measurements on a statistical basis when the Gross form factor is used with the model of a plane stratified atmosphere.

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Radiometric Measurement of Attenuation and Emission by the Earth's Atmosphere at Wavelengths From 4 cm to 8 mm

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Weather influence on passive microwave brightness temperatures

Weather influence on passive microwave brightness temperatures

The simultaneous investigation of attenuation and emission by the Earth's atmosphere at wavelengths from 4 centimeters to 8 millimeters

Atmospheric Emission and Absorption at Millimeter Wavelengths

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