Radionuclide behaviour and transport in a coniferous woodland ecosystem: vegetation, invertebrates and wood mice, Apodemus sylvaticus

Copplestone, David; Johnson, M. S.; Jones, Steve; Toal, Mark E; Jackson, D.

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00294-6

Cited by 34 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We did not investigate 137 Cs activity concentrations in earthworms and soil invertebrates, but earthworms and detritivorous soil invertebrates such as springtails (Collembola) and woodlice (Isopoda) were consistently found to have higher 137 Cs activity concentrations than other invertebrate groups [ 8 , 15 ]. Copplestone et al [ 15 ] also standardized the activity concentration of 137 Cs in living organisms to those in litter, reported ratios of 0.9–1.33 for earthworms showing relatively high CR value compared with carnivores in Fig 4 . The snail-feeding Carabidae beetle, Damaster blaptoides , had the highest CR of all carnivore species collected, which also likely resulted from the contamination of terrestrial snails.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This species is eats a wide variety of organic materials on the forest floor, including litter, fungi, and other invertebrate species. The CR values of detritivores and omnivores varied highly across sampling sites, likely indicating the nonuniform nature of 137 Cs accumulation in fungi and decaying organic materials, as well as the varied diet of individual insect species [ 12 , 15 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiocesium Transfer in Forest Insect Communities after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident

2017

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To understand radiocesium transfer in the forest insect food web, we investigated the activity concentrations of radiocesium in forest insects in the Fukushima and Ibaraki Prefectures approximately 1.5–2.5 years after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant. We analyzed 34 species of insects sampled from 4 orders and 4 feeding functional groups (herbivore, carnivore, omnivore, and detritivore) from three sites in each prefecture. 137Cs activity concentrations were lowest in herbivorous species and were especially high in detritivorous and omnivorous species that feed on forest litter and fungi. Radiocesium activity concentrations in any given species reflected the degree of contamination of that species’ primary food sources since radiocesium activity concentrations were found to be the lowest in leaves and grass and the highest in litter, bark, and fungi. This study confirmed that litter and other highly contaminated forest components such as fungi, decaying wood, bryophytes, and lichens serve as sources of 137Cs transfer into the forest insect community.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocesium Transfer in Forest Insect Communities after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident

2017

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“…This could be a result of the much higher exposure concentrations, because transfer parameters generally decrease with increasing concentrations in the environment. In their study of radionuclide transfers in coniferous forests in the vicinity of a reprocessing plant in the United Kingdom, Copplestone et al [40] found 137 Cs activity concentrations ranging from 478 to 620 Bq/kg in undetermined Oligochaeta individuals (analyzed without starving) and calculated TFs of 0.90 and 1.33. Such high values could have been increased by the presence of soil in the worm gut, but high values also were found in starved individuals sampled in the field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic interactions modify the transfer of cesium‐137 in a soil‐earthworm‐plant‐snail food web

Fritsch

Scheifler

Beaugelin-Seiller

et al. 2008

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The present study investigated the possible influence of the earthworm Aporrectodea tuberculata on the transfer of cesium-137 ((137)Cs) from a contaminated (130 Bq/kg) deciduous forest soil to the lettuce Lactuca sativa and to the snail Cantareus aspersus (formerly Helix aspersa) in two laboratory experiments. In the first experiment, the International Organization for Standardization 15952 test was used to expose snails for five weeks to contaminated soil with or without earthworms. In these conditions, the presence of earthworms caused a two- to threefold increase in (137)Cs concentrations in snails. Transfer was low in earthworms as well as in snails, with transfer factors (TFs) lower than 3.7 x 10(-2). Activity concentrations were higher in earthworms (2.8- 4.8 Bq/kg dry mass) than in snails (<1.5 Bq/kg). In the second experiment, microcosms were used to determine the contribution of soil and lettuce in the accumulation of (137)Cs in snails. Results suggest that the contribution of lettuce and soil is 80 and 20%, respectively. Microcosms also were used to study the influence of earthworms on (137)Cs accumulation in snail tissues in the most ecologically relevant treatment (soil-earthworm-plant-snail food web). In this case, soil-to-plant transfer was high, with a TF of 0.8, and was not significantly modified by earthworms. Conversely, soil-to-snail transfer was lower (TF, approximately 0.1) but was significantly increased in presence of earthworms. Dose rates were determined in the microcosm study with the EDEN (elementary dose evaluation for natural environment) model. Dose rates were lower than 5.5 x 10(-4) mGy/d, far from values considered to have effects on terrestrial organisms (1 mGy/d).

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“…These radioisotopes were also found in animal organisms. Presence of 137 Cs and 239,240 Pu in different insects species was affirmed (Copplestone et al 1999;Mietelski et al 2004) as well as in small mammals (Copplestone et al 1999;Mietelski 2003) and carnivores (Mietelski et al 2006(Mietelski et al , 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Assessment of 137Cs and 239,240Pu Distribution in Forest Soils of the Opole Anomaly

Ziembik

Dołhańczuk-Śródka

Komosa

et al. 2009

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Distribution of 137 Cs and 239,240 Pu in the forest soils horizons of the Opole Anomaly was established. Gamma and alpha spectrometry was used for determination of these isotopes. It was found that the 137 Cs activity was approx. 1,000 times higher than that of 239,240 Pu. The highest activities of both radioisotopes were found close to the boundary region in soil profile where the organic horizon turns into the inorganic one. Cluster analysis did not clearly indicate the group's existence in data in respect to 137 Cs and 239,240 Pu activities and organic matter content. Distributions of 137 Cs and 239,240 Pu in soil horizons were non-normal but similar to each other. These distributions were substantially different from that one for organic matter content. The data were separated into two groups, for organic and inorganic soil horizons, respectively. Data transformation using Box-Cox formula was performed following by standardization.Mutual relationships between variables were investigated using ordinary and robust regression methods. Good correlation between 137 Cs and 239,240 Pu was found. No significant relationship between organic matter content and radioisotopes activity was asserted.

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Radionuclide behaviour and transport in a coniferous woodland ecosystem: vegetation, invertebrates and wood mice, Apodemus sylvaticus

Cited by 34 publications

References 21 publications

Radiocesium Transfer in Forest Insect Communities after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Radiocesium Transfer in Forest Insect Communities after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Biotic interactions modify the transfer of cesium‐137 in a soil‐earthworm‐plant‐snail food web

Assessment of 137Cs and 239,240Pu Distribution in Forest Soils of the Opole Anomaly

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