Radionuclide Imaging in the Evaluation of Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Holder, Lawrence E.

doi:10.1148/radiographics.20.4.g00jl351153

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Criteria for identifying the site of gastrointestinal bleeding include intraluminal accumulation of radiotracer activity, increasing intensity of intraluminal activity over time and movement of the radiotracer on successive images, implying intraluminal transit [38]. Radionuclide scintigraphy detects bleeding at rates as low as 0.1 ml/min [39].…”

Section: Radionuclide Scintigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventional management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) arises from a number of sources and is a significant cause of hospitalization and mortality in elderly patients. Whereas most episodes of acute LGIB resolve spontaneously with conservative management, an important subset of patients requires further diagnostic workup and therapeutic intervention. Endovascular techniques such as microcatheter embolization are now recognized as safe, effective methods for controlling LGIB that is refractory to endoscopic intervention. In addition, multidetector CT has shown the ability to identify areas of active bleeding in a non-invasive fashion, enabling more focused intervention. Given the relative strengths and weaknesses of various diagnostic and treatment modalities, a close working relationship between interventional radiologists, gastroenterologists and diagnostic radiologists is necessary for the optimal management of LGIB patients.

show abstract

Section: Radionuclide Scintigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventional management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4 99 m Tc-labeled RBC scan is the preferred scintigraphic technique for lower GI bleeding detection due to the long blood half-life which allows the tracer to be detected on images for up to 24 hours after administration. 15 99 m Tc-labeled RBC scans can detect active and intermittent bleeding with 80–98 % sensitivity. 3,16 However, a minimum extravasated bleed volume of 3–5 mL is required for detection irrespective of the bleed rate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Particle Imaging for Highly Sensitive, Quantitative, and Safe in Vivo Gut Bleed Detection in a Murine Model

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding causes more than 300 000 hospitalizations per year in the United States. Imaging plays a crucial role in accurately locating the source of the bleed for timely intervention. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is an emerging clinically translatable imaging modality that images superparamagnetic iron-oxide (SPIO) tracers with extraordinary contrast and sensitivity. This linearly quantitative modality has zero background tissue signal and zero signal depth attenuation. MPI is also safe: there is zero ionizing radiation exposure to the patient and clinically approved tracers can be used with MPI. In this study, we demonstrate the use of MPI along with long-circulating, PEG-stabilized SPIOs for rapid in vivo detection and quantification of GI bleed. A mouse model genetically predisposed to GI polyp development (Apc) was used for this study, and heparin was used as an anticoagulant to induce acute GI bleeding. We then injected MPI-tailored, long-circulating SPIOs through the tail vein, and tracked the tracer biodistribution over time using our custom-built high resolution field-free line (FFL) MPI scanner. Dynamic MPI projection images captured tracer accumulation in the lower GI tract with excellent contrast. Quantitative analysis of the MPI images show that the mice experienced GI bleed rates between 1 and 5 μL/min. Although there are currently no human scale MPI systems, and MPI-tailored SPIOs need to undergo further development and evaluation, clinical translation of the technique is achievable. The robust contrast, sensitivity, safety, ability to image anywhere in the body, along with long-circulating SPIOs lends MPI outstanding promise as a clinical diagnostic tool for GI bleeding.

show abstract

“…A tagged 99mTc red blood cell scan was obtained using the Ultratag technique. This examination is recognised as the best screening method to detect active gastrointestinal bleeds 1–3. The sensitivity of this nuclear medicine study for detecting active gastrointestinal bleeds is 93%, with a specificity of 95% and an overall accuracy of 94% 4.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Detection of ileal bleeding with tagged 99mTc red blood cell scan

Greene

Mezheritskiy²,

Biko³

2011

Case Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

DESCRIPTIONAn elderly male who initially presented with a gangrenous left lower extremity and underwent bypass graft surgery was anticoagulated and presented with bloody bowel movements. A tagged 99mTc red blood cell scan was obtained using the Ultratag technique. This examination is recognised as the best screening method to detect active gastrointestinal bleeds. 1 -3 The sensitivity of this nuclear medicine study for detecting active gastrointestinal bleeds is 93%, with a specifi city of 95% and an overall accuracy of 94%. 4 This scan demonstrated activity within a tubular structure in the region of the ileum ( fi gure 1A ). This area of activity increased in intensity and moved antegrade towards the ileocecal valve, with a characteristic hook-like appearance ( fi gure 1B ). The patient was taken directly to surgery where an arteriovenous malformation was discovered within the ileum as the source of haemorrhage. The patient had an uneventful recovery with complete resolution of the gastrointestinal bleed. Competing interests

show abstract

Radionuclide Imaging in the Evaluation of Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Interventional management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding

Interventional management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding

Magnetic Particle Imaging for Highly Sensitive, Quantitative, and Safe in Vivo Gut Bleed Detection in a Murine Model

Detection of ileal bleeding with tagged 99mTc red blood cell scan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About