Radioprotective action of glycerol and cysteamine on inactivation and mutagenesis in Salmonella tester strains after γ- and heavy ion irradiation

Basha, S.G.; Krasavin, E. A.; Kozubek, Stanislav

doi:10.1016/0027-5107(92)90205-g

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The use of free radical scavengers would allow for biomechanically more stable grafts and the application of higher doses. The most important limitation of free radical scavengers is that they may have radioprotective effect on viral and bacterial DNA; thus, sterility assurance may be affected negatively [4,22]. Basha et al have reported that glycerol had a radioprotective effect on Salmonella whereas cysteamine provided minimal protection [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important limitation of free radical scavengers is that they may have radioprotective effect on viral and bacterial DNA; thus, sterility assurance may be affected negatively [4,22]. Basha et al have reported that glycerol had a radioprotective effect on Salmonella whereas cysteamine provided minimal protection [4]. Therefore, the protective effect of a scavenger on pathogens needs to be assessed prior to its utilization towards the protection of collagen matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Free radical scavenging alleviates the biomechanical impairment of gamma radiation sterilized bone tissue

Akkuş

Belaney

Das

2005

Journal Orthopaedic Research

108

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Terminal sterilization of bone allografts by gamma radiation is often essential prior to their clinical use to minimize the risk of infection and disease transmission. While gamma radiation has efficacy superior to other sterilization methods it also impairs the material properties of bone allografts, which may result in premature clinical failure of the allograft. The mechanisms by which gamma radiation sterilization damages bone tissue are not well known although there is evidence that the damage is induced via free radical attack on the collagen. In the light of the existing literature, it was hypothesized that gamma radiation induced biochemical damage to bone's collagen that can be reduced by scavenging for the free radicals generated during the ionizing radiation. It was also hypothesized that this lessening of the extent of biochemical degradation of collagen will be accompanied by alleviation in the extent of biomechanical impairment secondary to gamma radiation sterilization. Standardized tensile test specimens machined from human femoral cortical bone and specimens were assigned to four treatment groups: control, scavenger treated-control, irradiated and scavenger treated-irradiated. Thiourea was selected as the free radical scavenger and it was applied in aqueous form at the concentration of 1.5 M. Monotonic and cyclic mechanical tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical performance of the treatment groups and the biochemical integrity of collagen molecules were assessed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.The native mechanical properties of bone tissue did not change by thiourea treatment only. The effect of thiourea treatment on mechanical properties of irradiated specimens were such that the post-yield energy, the fracture energy and the fatigue life of thiourea treated-irradiated treatment group were 1.9-fold, 3.3-fold and 4.7-fold greater than those of the irradiated treatment group, respectively. However, the mechanical function of thiourea treated and irradiated specimens was not to the level of unirradiated controls. The damage occurred through the cleavage of the collagen backbone as revealed by SDS PAGE analysis. Irradiated specimens did not exhibit a noteworthy amount of intact a-chains whereas those irradiated in the presence of thiourea demonstrated intact a-chains. Results demonstrated that free radical damage is an important pathway of damage, caused by cleaving the collagen backbone. Blocking the activity of free radicals using the scavenger thiourea reduces the extent of damage to collagen, helping to maintain the mechanical strength of sterilized tissue. Therefore, free radical scavenger thiourea has the potential to improve the functional life-time of the allograft component following transplantation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free radical scavenging alleviates the biomechanical impairment of gamma radiation sterilized bone tissue

Akkuş

Belaney

Das

2005

Journal Orthopaedic Research

108

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“…In addition, the antibacterial and antiviral properties of olive leaves [54] and olive oil [55,56] are also quite substantial advantage, and this feature is lacking in the majority of researched free radical scavenging materials. This feature represents the most important limitation of free radical scavenging materials because they may have a radioprotective effect on viral and bacterial DNA, which would negatively affect the assurance level of sterility [22,57,58]. Finally, OLE is completely safe substance that is non-toxic, widely available, inexpensive, and easy to prepare.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic mechanical properties of gamma sterilized bovine cortical bone soaked in olive leaves extract

Said

Taha

2023

Preprint

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Terminal sterilization is necessary for bone grafts to prevent infection and disease transmission. Gamma radiation sterilization is currently the accepted method for its convenience and effectiveness in establishing the sterility of bone grafts. Unfortunately, the mechanical properties of bone grafts are also impaired during the gamma radiation sterilization process. Many studies addressed this problem by confining the free radical damage pathway to the bone collagen phase by using free radical scavengers. However, the safety of these free radical scavengers needs to be more carefully investigated before being applied in bone sterilization. Due to the abundance of phenolic compounds in olive leaves and the fact that these compounds are known to be powerful antioxidants, the aim of this study is to examine olive leaves extract (OLE) as a novel, affordable and non-toxic free radical scavenger for bone specimen protection during gamma radiation sterilization. The radioprotective effect of OLE on bone was investigated qualitatively by the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) technique. Specimens from the bovine femur were cut, and they were then soaked in previously prepared OLE for 4 days, 7 days, and 10 days at 4°C before being gamma sterilized with 25 KGy. In a 3-point bending configuration, the dynamic mechanical analysis was conducted at 1 Hz in the temperature range of 28–200°C. The research showed that gamma irradiation deteriorates the dynamic mechanical properties of bones. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.0001) in storage and loss moduli were observed between the irradiated group with 25 KGy and those pretreated by soaking in OLE before irradiation. The results obtained from this study proved that the use of OLE as a free radical scavenger before gamma sterilization would allow for biomechanically more stable bone grafts after implementation, and this finding is of great implication in bone banking.

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Radiation biology

Kiefer¹,

Schenk‐Meuser²,

Kost³

1996

Biological and Medical Research in Space

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Radioprotective action of glycerol and cysteamine on inactivation and mutagenesis in Salmonella tester strains after γ- and heavy ion irradiation

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Free radical scavenging alleviates the biomechanical impairment of gamma radiation sterilized bone tissue

Free radical scavenging alleviates the biomechanical impairment of gamma radiation sterilized bone tissue

Dynamic mechanical properties of gamma sterilized bovine cortical bone soaked in olive leaves extract

Radiation biology

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